Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
62 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Inspiration and Heart sounds |
Increased intensity of right Heart sounds |
|
expiration and Heart sounds |
increased intensity of left heart sounsd |
|
Hand grip |
Increased systemic vascular resistance increases MR, AR, VSD, MVP murmur decreaes HCM, AS |
|
Valsalva |
Decreases venous return decreases intensity of most murmurs increases HCM and MVP |
|
Rapid squat |
Increase venous return initially increases preload after long period increases afterload
decreases murmurr of MVP and HCM |
|
Causes of Hyaline sclerosis |
diabetes and benign hypertension |
|
modifable risks of Atherosclerosis |
hypertension hypercholesterolemia Smoking Diabetes |
|
Polyaterisoiss key facts |
string of pearls fibronoid necrosis nodular |
|
Fixed s2 split |
ASD |
|
holosystolic murmur in left sternal border
|
VSD |
|
contraction alkalosis |
angiotensin II |
|
paraoxysmal nocturnal dyspnea cause |
SOB awakening from sleep increased venous return caused by redistribution of blood, reabsorption of edema from LHF |
|
bulbus cordis forms |
smooth outlfow tracts of left and right ventricles |
|
svc formed from |
right anteior cardial vein and right common cardial veni |
|
cause of closure of foramen ovale |
increase in left atrial pressure |
|
Paradoxical emboli seen in |
ASD and patent foramen ovale |
|
endocardial cushions of outflow tract form |
aortic pulomnary valves |
|
mitral/tricupside dervied from |
fused endocardial cushions of AV canal |
|
Ebstein anomaly |
Hypoplastic RV due to displaced triscupid value. |
|
PO2 in umblical vein |
30 mmHg (80% sat) |
|
ductus venosus |
bypass liver/umbilical vein into IVC |
|
foramen ovale |
By pass heart IVC to aorta |
|
ductus arteroiosus |
bypass lungs mian pulomnary artery to desceding aorta (high pulomnary artery resistence) |
|
falciform ligament contains |
umbilical vein aka ligamentum teres hepatis |
|
left atrium enlargement casues |
dysphagia and horseness (compression of left recurrent laryngeal nerve) |
|
Increased pulse pressure |
sp- dp: hyperthyroidism aortic regurgitiation aorti stiffing (isosystolic hypertension in eldersly chronic obstructive apnea( sympathetic tone increase) Transient in Exercise |
|
decreased pulse pressure in |
aortid csetnosis cardiogenic shock cardiac tamponande advanced heart failure |
|
no x wave seen in |
trisccuspid regrugitiation |
|
no a wave |
a fib |
|
dro pof intrathroacic pressure during inspriation causes |
increased venous return |
|
fixed split |
asd |
|
paradoxical split |
delay aortic value closure aortic stenosis left benundle branch block |
|
inspriation |
increases right heart osunds |
|
hand grip increases |
increases afterload increases intesity of MR, AR, VSD murmurs
|
|
hand grip decreases |
hcm |
|
hand grip changes |
MVP: later onset of click |
|
valsalva stuadning up caues |
drop in preload
|
|
valsalva noises decreases |
decreased intesnity of most murmurs |
|
valsalva increases what |
increased intesnity of HCM MVP : earlier onset of lclick
|
|
Rapid squat caues increase venous return and increased preload causing |
decreased hcm increased as murmur mvp later onset |
|
hcm murmur |
harsh ejection systolic murmur with s4 |
|
pharygenal arches |
1 maxillary 2 stapedial 3 common carotids 4L Arota 4R proximal subclavian 6-Ductus arteriosus and part of pulmonary trunk
|
|
descending aorta comes from |
paried rosal aortae that fuse |
|
left umblical vein remains to form |
ligamentum teres hepatis |
|
naterior cardial veins |
internal jugular vein and SVC |
|
posterior cardial vein |
ivc common iliac, azygous renal veins
|
|
right anteiror cardinal and right common cardial vein |
SVC |
|
conotruncal abnormalities |
tetralogy of fallot transposoiton of great vessels Persistent truncus arteriosus |
|
A fib aka |
holiday heart |
|
a fib treatment |
antithrobmoic therapy (warfarin), rate controler (beta blocker or ca channnel blocker), digoxin, rhythemcontrol in IC or III, and or cardiovert |
|
a flutter pattern |
4 to 1 saw thooth pattern |
|
cushing reaction |
Hypertension, brandycardia, respiratory depression
elevated intracranail pressure constricts arterioles cerebral ischemia increase pco2 and drop in ph central sympathetic increase in pefusion pressure (hypertension) increase stretch prefierlal reflex baroreceptor induced bradycardia |
|
diabetic mother's infant |
transposition of great vessels |
|
turner syndrome |
coarctaiton of aorta pre ductal and biscupsid aortic valvve |
|
unstable angina/nstemi tx |
anticoag heparin antiplatement asa and clopidogrel beta blockers ace inhibitors statins NO and morphine symptom contorl
|
|
stemi tx |
PCI + anticoag heparin antiplatement asa and clopidogrel beta blockers ace inhibitors statins NO and morphine symptom contorl
|
|
loffler syndrome |
endomyocardial fibrosis with prominet eosinhophili infiltrate hematochromatosis dcm |
|
decreases mortality |
ace i arb beta blockers (except in acute decompsated hf) sprinoocactone
hydralazine with no can improve symptoms and mortality in some pts |
|
beck triad |
seen in cardiac tamponade hypotension jvd distant heart sounsd |
|
cardiac tamponade on ekg |
eletrical alternans low voltage qrs |
|
acute pericarditis on ekg |
diffuse st seg elevation with pr drepression |
|
puslus paradoxus |
drop in 10mmhg of systolic bp upon inspriaiton seen cardiac tamponande, asthma, obstructive sleep apnea, perdicardtiis and corup |