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50 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
The study of the body structures without the use of a microscope is known as
gross anatomy
For histologic anatomy, it is important that one us a(n)
microscope
One of the branches of physiology is cytology, the study of
cells
The function of the excretory system is a major topic of a branch of physiology known as
renal physiology
At its most simple level of structure, the body is composed of
atoms
Carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, and water typify the level of structure which the main components are
molecules
The fundamental unit of all living things, including the human body is
cell
A group of cells working together to perform the same function is a(n)
tissue
A type of tissue represented by the blood and bone tissue is
connective tissue
The organs of the body are lined with a type of tissue known as
epithelial tissue
Various types of tissue work together in the human body to compose a(n)
organ
The sum total of all chemical processes occurring in the body is
metabolism
When organic matter is built up from smaller molecules, usually requiring an input energy, the chemical process is called
anabolism
The chemical process in which organic matter is broken down, usually with the release of energy is
catabolism
Two types of general movement in the body are voluntary and
involuntary movement
To assist the process of movement of the body, the skeletal muscles are usually attached to
bones
The body obtains materials from the environment and increases its mass in the process of
growth
The characteristic of conductivity is associated with muscle cells and
nerve cells
In addition to producing an entirely new individual, new cells are formed in the body for the three purposes of replacement, growth, and
repair
The form of reproduction generating a fertilized egg cell is called
sexual reproduction
The duplication of a single cell to form two identical daughter cells is the type of reproduction know as
asexual reproduction
The steady state of equilibrium existing in the body is called
homeostasis
The cells of the body and the body itself remains relatively constant in its chemical environment and in its
physical environment
Major chemical requirements of the human body for maintaining homeostasis include water, nutrients, and
oxygen
Among the systems coordinating homeostasis are the nervous system and the
endocrine system
An imbalance in the internal environment and disturbance of homeostasis may both be created by
stress
A system in which information decreases the system's output and brings the system back to its setpoint is a(n)
negative feedback system
A system in which information is returned in order to increase deviation from the original setpoint is a(n)
positive feedback system
The body is erect with eyes forward, feet together, arms at side, and palms forward in the
anatomical position
The directional term used to describe the front of the body on the belly side is
anterior
Although the term dorsal is sometimes used, the preferred term when referring to the back side of a human is
posterior
In anatomical nomenclature, the term superior refers to an aspect of the body toward the
head
In anatomical nomenclature, the abdomen is said to be inferior to the (chest)
thorax
The anatomical term referring to a side away from the midline is
lateral
The term proximal refers to a point close to where an extremity attaches to the body
trunk
In the anatomical nomenclature, the hand would be considered distal to the
lower arm
Two structures on the same side of the body such as the left arm and the left leg are said to be
ipsilateral
A vertical plane dividing the body into right and left sides represents a(n)
sagittal plane
A longitudinal plane dividing the body into anterior and posterior portions is a frontal plane, also known as a(n)
coronal plane
A horizontal plane divides the body into superior and inferior parts and is also known as a(n)
transverse plane
A midsagittal plane divides the body into equal right and left halves, but if the halves are unequal the plane is said to be
parasagittal
The dorsal body cavity is subdivided into the spinal cavity and the
cranial cavity
Two major subdivisions of the ventral body cavity are the abdominopelvic cavity and the
thoracic cavity
The heart, esophagus, trachea, and bronchi are all located in a portion of the body called the
mediastinum
The abdominal subdivision and pelvic subdivision are portions of the abdominopelvic cavity, which is also known as the
peritoneal cavity
The large dome-shaped muscle separating the abdominopelvic cavity from the thoracic cavity is the
diaphragm
Immediately superior to the umbilical region is a region of the abdominopelvic cavity known as the
epigastric region
Lateral to the hypogastric region of the abdominopelvic cavity is the iliac region, also called the
inguinal region
Among the three major serous membranes of the body are peritoneum, the pleura, and the
pericardium
The three serous membranes of the body have both visceral layers and
parietal layers