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50 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
The study of the body structures without the use of a microscope is known as
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gross anatomy
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For histologic anatomy, it is important that one us a(n)
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microscope
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One of the branches of physiology is cytology, the study of
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cells
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The function of the excretory system is a major topic of a branch of physiology known as
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renal physiology
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At its most simple level of structure, the body is composed of
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atoms
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Carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, and water typify the level of structure which the main components are
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molecules
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The fundamental unit of all living things, including the human body is
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cell
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A group of cells working together to perform the same function is a(n)
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tissue
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A type of tissue represented by the blood and bone tissue is
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connective tissue
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The organs of the body are lined with a type of tissue known as
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epithelial tissue
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Various types of tissue work together in the human body to compose a(n)
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organ
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The sum total of all chemical processes occurring in the body is
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metabolism
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When organic matter is built up from smaller molecules, usually requiring an input energy, the chemical process is called
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anabolism
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The chemical process in which organic matter is broken down, usually with the release of energy is
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catabolism
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Two types of general movement in the body are voluntary and
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involuntary movement
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To assist the process of movement of the body, the skeletal muscles are usually attached to
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bones
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The body obtains materials from the environment and increases its mass in the process of
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growth
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The characteristic of conductivity is associated with muscle cells and
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nerve cells
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In addition to producing an entirely new individual, new cells are formed in the body for the three purposes of replacement, growth, and
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repair
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The form of reproduction generating a fertilized egg cell is called
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sexual reproduction
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The duplication of a single cell to form two identical daughter cells is the type of reproduction know as
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asexual reproduction
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The steady state of equilibrium existing in the body is called
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homeostasis
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The cells of the body and the body itself remains relatively constant in its chemical environment and in its
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physical environment
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Major chemical requirements of the human body for maintaining homeostasis include water, nutrients, and
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oxygen
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Among the systems coordinating homeostasis are the nervous system and the
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endocrine system
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An imbalance in the internal environment and disturbance of homeostasis may both be created by
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stress
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A system in which information decreases the system's output and brings the system back to its setpoint is a(n)
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negative feedback system
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A system in which information is returned in order to increase deviation from the original setpoint is a(n)
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positive feedback system
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The body is erect with eyes forward, feet together, arms at side, and palms forward in the
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anatomical position
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The directional term used to describe the front of the body on the belly side is
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anterior
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Although the term dorsal is sometimes used, the preferred term when referring to the back side of a human is
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posterior
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In anatomical nomenclature, the term superior refers to an aspect of the body toward the
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head
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In anatomical nomenclature, the abdomen is said to be inferior to the (chest)
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thorax
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The anatomical term referring to a side away from the midline is
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lateral
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The term proximal refers to a point close to where an extremity attaches to the body
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trunk
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In the anatomical nomenclature, the hand would be considered distal to the
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lower arm
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Two structures on the same side of the body such as the left arm and the left leg are said to be
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ipsilateral
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A vertical plane dividing the body into right and left sides represents a(n)
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sagittal plane
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A longitudinal plane dividing the body into anterior and posterior portions is a frontal plane, also known as a(n)
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coronal plane
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A horizontal plane divides the body into superior and inferior parts and is also known as a(n)
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transverse plane
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A midsagittal plane divides the body into equal right and left halves, but if the halves are unequal the plane is said to be
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parasagittal
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The dorsal body cavity is subdivided into the spinal cavity and the
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cranial cavity
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Two major subdivisions of the ventral body cavity are the abdominopelvic cavity and the
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thoracic cavity
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The heart, esophagus, trachea, and bronchi are all located in a portion of the body called the
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mediastinum
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The abdominal subdivision and pelvic subdivision are portions of the abdominopelvic cavity, which is also known as the
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peritoneal cavity
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The large dome-shaped muscle separating the abdominopelvic cavity from the thoracic cavity is the
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diaphragm
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Immediately superior to the umbilical region is a region of the abdominopelvic cavity known as the
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epigastric region
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Lateral to the hypogastric region of the abdominopelvic cavity is the iliac region, also called the
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inguinal region
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Among the three major serous membranes of the body are peritoneum, the pleura, and the
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pericardium
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The three serous membranes of the body have both visceral layers and
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parietal layers
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