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71 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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pnuemonia associated with low-grade fever, not ill appearing, and without any lobar alveolar consolidation
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atypical pneumonia
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associated with apoptosis of infected columnar epithelial cells which can lead to secondary infections
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Influenza
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associated with host response releasing IFN-gamma
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Influenza
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Lacks cell wall and needs specialized agar media that contain sterols
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Mycoplasma pneumoniae
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associated with fried egg colony
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mycoplasma pneumoniae
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associated with P1 adhesin, ciliostasis, and peribronchial infiltration
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Mycoplasma pneumoniae
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associated with obligate intracellular bacteria that require host cell energy and infect epithelial cells
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Chlamydia
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two forms of chlamydia
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elementary body
reticulate body |
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what does IFN do to a chlamydia infection
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alters function of reticulate body, they can persist but not mature to form elementary bodies
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associated with increased cholesterol accumulation in epithelial cells and CAD
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chlamydia
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associated with atypical pneumoniae, endocarditis, and encephalitis
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Chlamydia psittaci
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gram negative bacilli associated with replicating in a fresh water amoeba
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Legionella pneumophila
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what types of environments can Legionella be found
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water coolers
shower heads air conditioning units whirlpools |
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what type of agar must legionella be grown in
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Buffered Cysteine Yeast Extract - BCYE
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associated with being phagocytosed by alveolar macrophages, induces apoptosis, and releases cytotoxic zinc metalloprotinase
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Legionella pneumophila
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alpha hemolytic, bile soluble, and optochin disc susceptible gram positive cocci
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Strep peumoniae
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virulence factors associated with strep pneumoniae
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pneumolysin - degrades RBCs
capsule |
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beta hemolytic, can grow at high temperature and high salt concentrations, coagulase positive gram positive cocci
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staph aureus
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lab identification of staph aureus
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hemolytic, gram positive clusters, ferments glucose and mannitol, catalase positive, coagulase poisitive
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associated with Protein A and Panton-Valentine leukocidin (PVL)
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staph aureus
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panton-valentine leukocidin (PVL)
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cytotoxin that causes leukocyte destruction and tissue necrosis
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how does staph aureus resist neutrophil engulfment
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secreting chemotaxis inhibiting protein and blocks extracellular adherence protein
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in what form is coccidiodis found in tissue
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yeast
mold on cooler agar plate |
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associated with focal infiltrate that later can form a non-caseating granuloma
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coccidiodis
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associated with inhaled arthrospore that developes into a spherule
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coccidiodis
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3 microbes that can be detected by urine antigens
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Strep pneumoniae
Legionella pneumophila Histoplasma capsulatum |
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ventilator associated pneumoniae from nosocomial infection
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pseudomonas aeruginosa
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identification of pseudomonas
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clear colonies on MaConkey plate due to non-fermentation
Pigments fluoresce and blue-green gram negative thin bacilli |
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gram negative bacilli that inhibits protein synthesis via ADP ribosylation of EF 2
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Pseudomonas
Exotoxin A |
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two functions of cord factor
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prevents the organism (M. tuberculosis) from being killed in the macrophage
strong activator of TNF-a |
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media associated with mycobacteria
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Lowenstein-Jensen
Petragnani Middlebrook |
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naked double stranded DNA virus that causes pharyngitis with low-grade fever
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Adenovirus
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unusual exterior feature of adenovirus
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projecting fibers
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most common cause of sinus pain and inflammation
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strep pneumoniae
less commonly moraxella catarrhalis |
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unvaccinated child with history of recent travel, sore throat with pseudomembrane and heart irregularity
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Corynebacterium diphtheriae
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Beta-hemolytic gram positive cocci that causes erythrmatous pharyngitis, fever, and cervical lymphadenitis
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Strep pyogenes
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what is strep pyogenes susceptible to
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Bacitracin
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bronchiolitis in infants or children younger than 2
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adenovirus
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bronchiolitis in children 2-5 years old if hemagglutinin negative/positive
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negative - respiratory syncytial virus
positive - parainfluenza virus |
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most common cause of pneumonia is children 5-18 years old with nonproductive persistent hacking cough
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mycoplasma
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lab identification of mycoplasm
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no growth on blood agar
requires sterol containg media beta-lactam antibiotics are not effective |
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most common causitive agent of lobar pneumoniae in all age groups presenting with fever and productive cough
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strep pnuemonia
-espeically immunocompromised |
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pneumonia in teenage cystic fibrosis patient
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pseudomonas aeruginosa
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pneumonia in an AIDS patient with a dry cough who is not receiving any prophylactic drugs:
cysts, acid-fast, spherules, intracellular yeasts |
pneumocytsis jeroveci - cysts
M. tuberculosis - Acid-fast Coccidiodes - spherules Histoplasma - tiny intracellular yeast |
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viral URI causing wheezing and chest hyperinflation in children less than 2 years old
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respiratory syncytial virus
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detects the production of enhanced hemolysis that occurs with group B strepococci
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CAMP test
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positive Bile Esculin hydrolysis
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ability to grow in 40% bile and hydrolyze Esculin
group D streptococci (enterococci) |
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what organisms of groupD streptococci are able to grow in 6.5% NaCl, not able
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Enterococci can
Viridan group cannot |
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Catalase negative
Bacitracin susceptible PYR positive bile-esculin negative 6.5% NaCl negative |
Group A strep - strep pyogenes
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PYR hydrolysis
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hydrolyzed by group A strep and enterococci
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Bacitracin resistant
bile-esculin negative does not grow in 6.5% NaCl CAMP test positive |
Group B strep - strep agalactiae
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Bacitracin resistant
Hydrolyze bile esculin grow in 6.5% NaCl PYR test positive |
Enterococcus
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Catalase negative
Optochin susceptible bile soluble |
strep pneumo
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what type of organism usually is involved with an URI
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virus:
-rhinovirus -coronavirus -adenovirus |
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associated with laryngitis and croup
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parainfluenza
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associated with Regan-Lowe charcoal media, takes 3-6 days to colonize
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Bordetella pertussis
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ADP ribosyl transferase that inhibits Gi, leads to incrase cAMP
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pertussis toxin (A-B)
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associated with epiglottitis
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haemophilus type B
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3 organisms associated with acute otitis media
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Strep pneumoniae
Haemophilus influenzae (non-typeable) Moraxella Catarrhalis |
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associated with inflammation of tympanic membrane
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mycoplasma pneumoniae
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why are some strands of haemophilus influenzae resistance to penicillin antibiotics
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20-40% of them produce beta-lactamase
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infections associated with unencapsulated (non-typeable) Haemophilus influenzae
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sinusitis
bronchitis otitis media |
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gram negative diplococci
80-90% produce beta-lactamase grow on sheep blood and chocolate agar unencapsulated |
moraxella catarrhalis
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3 organisms associated with sinusitis
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strep pneumo
haemophilus influenzae moraxella catarrhalis *same as those involved with otitis media |
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patients presents with:
nasal congestion purulent rinhorrhea headache facial pain anosmia post-nasal drip |
sinusitis
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herpangina
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cocsackievirus
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diptheria toxin
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A-B toxin, A portion inhibits protein synthesis
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responsible for rash in TSST and Scarlet Fever
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Strep pyogenic Exotoxin acts like a superantigen and stimulates T lymphocyte cytokine release
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associated with rheumatic fever or post-strep glomerulonephritis
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strep pyogenes
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differentiate bacterial and viral/chlamydia conjunctivitis
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bacterial - thick mucopurulent discharge, less itchy, not painful, no pre-auricular lymphadenopathy
viral/chlamydia - clear water discharge, itchy painful eye, pre-auricular lymphadenopathy, foreign body sensation |
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leading cause of pharyngitis
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strep pyogenes
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