Respiratory Diseases 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20

Front 1

Which of the following is also known as Fiedlander's bacillus?
a) Haemophilus influenzae
b) Pseudomonas aeruginosa
c) legionella pneumophila
d) klebsiella
e) Streptococcus

Back 1

d) Klebsiella

Front 2

Of the six types of Haemophilus influenzae, which type is most frequently pathogenic?
a Type A
b Type B
c Type C
d Type D
e Type E

Back 2

b Type B

Front 3

Which of the following is asssociated with Q fever?
a Mycoplasma pnuemoniae
b Rickettsia
c Ornithosis
d Varicella
e Respiratory synctial virus

Back 3

b Rickettsia

Front 4

Mendelson's syndrome is associated with which of the following?
a Lipoid pnuemonitis
b Rubella
c Varicella
d Aspiration pneumonia
e Rickettsia

Back 4

d Aspiration pnuemonia

Front 5

Which of the followingis/are commonly seen in patients with AIDS?
i Aspergillus
ii Cryptococcus
iii Pneumocystis carinii
iv Cytomegalovirus

a i only
b iii only
c ii and iv only
d ii, iii, and iv only
e i, ii, iii, and iv

Back 5

e i, ii, iii, and iv

Front 6

Ribavarin aerosol has been shown to be effective in treating children with which of the following?
a Klebsiella
b Haemophilus influenzae B
c Respiratory synctial virus
d Pseudomonas aeruginosa
e Streptococcus

Back 6

c Respiratory synctial virus

Front 7

Which of the following is almost always the cause of acute epiglottitis?
a Haemophilus influenzae B
b Klebsiella
c Streptococcus
d Mycoplasma pneumonae
e Parainfluenza virus

Back 7

a Haemophilus influenzae B

Front 8

Which of the following is most associated with "croup"?
a Streptococcus
b Parainfluenza virus
c Mycoplasma pneumoniae
d Adenovirus
e Clamydia psittaci

Back 8

b Parainfluenza virus

Front 9

In the absence of a secondary bacterial infection, lung inflamation caused by the aspiration of gastric fluids ussually becomes insignificant in approximately how many days?
a 2
b 3
c 5
d 7
e 10

Back 9

b 3

Front 10

Which of the following is/are associated with pneumonia?
i Decreased tactile and vocal fremitus
ii Increased C(a-v)o2
iii Decreased PEFR
iv increased VC

a i only
b iii only
c ii and iv only
d i and iii only
e ii and iii only

Back 10

b iii only

Front 11

Which of the following is/are anaerobic organisms?
i Klebsiella
ii Peptococcus
iii Coccidiodes immitis
iv Bacteriodes

a i and ii only
b ii and iv only
c iii and iv only
d ii, iii, and iv only
e i, iii, and iv only

Back 11

b ii and iv only

Front 12

Which of the following is/are predisposing factors to the aspiration of gastrointestinal fluids (and anaerobes)?
i Siezure disorders
ii Head truama
iii Alcoholic binges
iv General anesthisia

a i and iii only
b ii and iv only
c ii and iii only
d ii, iii, and iv only
e i, ii, iii, and iv

Back 12

e i, ii, iii, and iv

Front 13

Which of the following aerobic organisms is/are associated with the formation of a lung abscess?

i Fusobcaterium
ii Staphylococcus aureus
iii Klebsiella
iv Streptococcus pyogenes

a i only
b iii only
c ii and iv only
d ii, iii, and iv only
e i, ii, iii, and iv

Back 13

d ii, iii, and iv only

Front 14

Anatomically, a lung abscess most commonly forms in which part(s) of the lung?

i Posterior segment of the upper lobe
ii Lateral basal segment of the lower lobe
iii Anterior segment of the upper lobe
iv Superior segment of the lower lobe

a i only
b iii only
c i and iv only
d ii and iii only
e ii, iii, and iv only

Back 14

c i and iv only

Front 15

Which of the following pulmonary function findings may be associated with a severe and extensive lunf abscess?

i Decreased FVC
ii Increased PEFR
iii Decreased RV
iv Increased FRC

a i only
b iii only
c ii and iv only
d iii and iv only
e i and iii only

Back 15

e i and iii only

Front 16

T/F
Penicillin or semisynthetic penicillin analogs are usually the first drugs of choice in treating a lung abscess.

Back 16

T

Front 17

T/F
Odorless green or yellow sputum indicates a putrid infection that is caused by numerous organisms.

Back 17

F

Front 18

T/F
In humans, anaerobic organisms normally inhabit the intestines and are found in saliva.

Back 18

T

Front 19

T/F
Some parasites such as Echinicoccus are associated with lung abscess.

Back 19

T

Front 20

T/F
A lung abscess is more commonly found in the left lung than in the right.

Back 20

F

Front 21

What is the first stage of tuberculosis known as?

Back 21

Primary tuberculosis and Primary infection stage

Front 22

What is the name of the protective cell wall that surrounds and encases lung tissue infected with tuberculosis?

Back 22

Granuloma and Tubercle

Front 23

The tubercle bacillus is:

Back 23

Highly aerobic, Acid fast, Capable of surviving for months outside the body, and rod shaped .

Front 24

At which size wheal is the TB skin test considered to be positive?

Back 24

Greater than 10 mm

Front 25

What is often prescribed a a daily dose for 1 year in individuals who have been exposed to the tuberculosis bacilli?

Back 25

Isoniazid

Front 26

T/F
Pleural space complications such as emphyzema and pneumothorax are common in patients with tuberculosis?

Back 26

F

Front 27

T/F
A positive reaction to the tuberculin skin test confirms that a patient has zctive TB.

Back 27

F

Front 28

T/F
Tb commonly develops in the apices of the lungs.

Back 28

T

Front 29

T/F
The tuberculin skintest measures the delayed hypersensitivity that follows exposure to the tubercle bacillus.

Back 29

F

Front 30

Miliary TB presents as a small, isolated tubercle lesion.

Back 30

T

Front 31

What is the most common fungal infection in the U.S.?

Back 31

Histoplasmosis

Front 32

Incidence of histoplasmosis is especially high in what state or region?

Back 32

Mississippi

Front 33

The condition called desert bumps, desert arthritis, or desert rheumatism is associated with what fungal infection?

Back 33

Coccidioidomycosis

Front 34

What medication is/ are used to treat fungal disease?

Back 34

Amphotericin B and Itraconazole

Front 35

What form of histoplasmosis is characterized by healed lesions in the hilar lymph nodes as well as a positive histoplasmin skintest response?

Back 35

Latent asymptomatic disease

Front 36

T/F
Histoplasma capsulatum is commonly found in soils near chicken houses and pigeon lofts.

Back 36

T

Front 37

T/F
It is estimated that about 50,000 new cases of coccidiodomycosis occusr annually.

Back 37

F

Front 38

T/F
Blastomycosis also is known as valley or desert fever.

Back 38

F

Front 39

T/F
The diagnosis of coccidiodomycosis can be made by blood tests that detect antibodies of the fungus, or culture of the organism from infected fluid or tissue.

Back 39

T

Front 40

Blatomycosis is most common in young men living in north america.

Back 40

T

Front 41

In Pulmonary Edema, fluid first moves into the:

i Alveoli
ii Perivascular interstitial space
iii Bronchioles
iv Peribronchial interstitial space

Back 41

ii and iv

Front 42

What is the normal hydrostatic pressure in the pulmonary capillaries?

a 5 to 10 mm Hg
b 10 to 15 mm Hg
c 15 to 20 mm Hg
d 20 to 25 mm Hg
e 25 to 30 mm Hg

Back 42

b 10 to 15 mm Hg

Front 43

What is the normal oncotic pressure of the blood?

a 5 to 10 mm Hg
b 10 to 15 mm Hg
c 15 to 20 mm Hg
d 20 t0 25 mm Hg
e 25 to 30 mm Hg

Back 43

e 25 to 30 mm Hg

Front 44

Which of the following are causes of cadiogenic pulmonary edema?

i Excessive fluid administration
ii Right ventricular failure
iii Mitral valve disease
iv Pulmonary embolus

Back 44

i, iii, and iv only

Front 45

As a result of pulmonary edema, the patient's:

i RV is decreased
ii FRC is increased
iii VC is increased
iv TLC is increased

Back 45

i only

Front 46

T/F
Morphine sulfate induces venodilation.

Back 46

T

Front 47

T/F
Patients with pulmonary edema frequently recieve 30% to 50% aerosolized alcohol.

Back 47

T

Front 48

T/F
A patient is said to have orthopnea if dyspnea increases when the patient is in the upright position.

Back 48

F

Front 49

T/F
T/F
Kerley B lines on the chest X-ray films are believe to originate from edematous interlobar septa.

Back 49

T

Front 50

T/F
Hypoproteinemia reduces oncotic pressure

Back 50

T

Front 51

Most pulmonary emboli originate from throbi in the :

a Lungs
b Right heart
c Leg and pelvic veins
d Pulmonary veins

Back 51

c Leg and pelvic veins

Front 52

The aortic and carotid sinus baroreceptors initiate which of the following in reponse to a decreased systemic blood pressure?

i Increased heart rate
ii Increased ventilatory rate
iii Decreased heart rate
iv Ventilatory rate is not affected by the aortic and carotid sinus barorecptors

Back 52

i and ii only

Front 53

What is the upper limit of the normal mean pulmonary artery pressure?

a 5 mmHg
b 10 mmHg
c 15 mmHg
d 20 mmHg
e 25 mmHg

Back 53

c 15 mmHg

Front 54

Pulmonary hypertension develops in pulmonary emblism because:

Back 54

vasoconstriction caused by humoral agent release and induced by decreased alveolar oxygen pressure (Pao2).

Front 55

In severe pulmonary embolism, which of the following hemodynamic indices is/are commonly seen?
i Decreased PVR
ii Increased PA
iii Decreased CVP
iv Increased PCWP

Back 55

ii Increased PA

Front 56

When humoral agents such as serotoninare released into the pulmonary circulation, which of the following occur?
i The brochial smooth muscles dilate
ii The V/Q ratio decreases
iii The bronchial smooth muscle constrict
iv The V/Q ratio increases

Back 56

ii and iii only

Front 57

Which of the following is a thrombolytic agent?

i Urokinase
ii Heparin
iii Warfarin
iv Streptokinase

Back 57

i and iv only

Front 58

Which of the following is the most prominent source of pulmonary emboli?

a Fat
b Blood clots
c Bone marrow
d Air
e Malignant neoplasms

Back 58

b Blood clots