Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
75 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
Which lung is bigger?
|
Right lung
|
|
|
What is the purpose of the cartilaginous rings?
|
Keep the trachea open
|
|
|
Why are the rings incomplete?
|
Expands so the food can go down the esophagus
|
|
|
Which vocal chords produce sound?
|
True vocal chords
|
|
|
Explain how you get different pitches and loudness from true vocal chords?
|
Change of pitch is dependent upon tension, loudness is dependent upon how much air passes through them
|
|
|
Why is the liver reddish-brown?
|
Blood vessels
|
|
|
What is the name of the response that you can get with increasing abdominal pressure during defecation?
|
Valsava's maneuver
|
|
|
How does it work? Valsava's maneuver?
|
The epiglottis closes over the larynx, which closes off, pressure increases
|
|
|
A human has how many adult teeth?
|
32
|
|
|
Name each type of tooth in the quadrant.
|
Incisor, canines, bicuspids, premolars, molars
|
|
|
How many teeth does a 2 yr old baby have?
|
20
|
|
|
Baby teeth are called milk teeth or?
|
Deciduous
|
|
|
Name the structure that connects the root of the tooth to the alveolar socket.
|
Periodontal ligament
|
|
|
What is the name of the internal tube structure that is softer than the outside surface?
|
Dentin
|
|
|
Name the funnels in the nasal cavity that cause a turbulence of air and produces mucus.
|
Nasal concha
|
|
|
Name as many cones as possible that form the nasal cavity
|
Ethmoid & spheniod
|
|
|
Name the structure that is inferior to the larynx.
|
Trachea
|
|
|
Name the epithelial tissue that lines the esophagus.
|
Pseudostratified columnar epithelium- produce mucus in trachea that help trap foreign particles, initiate cough reflex to get pollen and such out
|
|
|
Name the 3 section of the small intestine.
|
Duodenum, jejunum, ileum
|
|
|
Name the opening in the larynx?
|
Glottis
|
|
|
What makes the glottis close?
|
False vocal chords
|
|
|
Name the structure that both food and air passes through.
|
Pharynx
|
|
|
Name the 3 sections of pharynx.
|
Nasopharynx, orophatynx, laryngopharynx
|
|
|
What structure controls the breathing?
|
Brain stem
|
|
|
Which 2 parts of the brain are more in control?
|
Medulla and pons
|
|
|
Out of the pons and medulla, what 3 groups of neurons then control and rate of breathing?
|
Dorsal respiratory group, ventral respiratory group, and nemotaxic
|
|
|
What group of the 3 neurons is quiet during normal breathing?
|
Ventral respiratory
|
|
|
When is the ventral respiratory not quiet?
|
Whenever you need to take deeper breaths
|
|
|
The jugular vein is taking blood and the waste byproducts from cellular respiration back to what part of the heart?
|
Right atrium
|
|
|
In digestion, there are 2 general types of break down of food, what are they?
|
Mechanical chemical
|
|
|
Name the 6 stages of food going through the digestive system.
|
1.Ingest 2. mechanical breakdown in mouth and stomach 3.Propulsion 4. Enzymes 5. Absorption of nutrients 6.Defecation
|
|
|
Where does the initial break down of food?
|
the mouth
|
|
|
What is the enzyme that breaks down fat?
|
amylase
|
|
|
Of all the saliva glands, which saliva glands produce the amylase?
|
Parotid gland
|
|
|
What is the name of the organ that lies directly underneath the liver?
|
Gallbladder
|
|
|
Name the structure that immediately drains the gallbladder.
|
Cystic duct
|
|
|
What does the cystic duct drain into?
|
Common bile duct
|
|
|
You can have a blockage of the cystic duct in the gallbladder, what are these gallstones made of?
|
Cholesterol
|
|
|
On the digestive tube, there are 4 layers within that tube. What layer does the secretion and absorption?
|
Mucosal layer
|
|
|
Name all 4 layers on the digestive tube.
|
Mucosa-secretory and absorption
Submucosa-lymphatic, nervous tissues, capillary system, CT Mucularis externa- circular & longitudinal Serosa- mucus & attacks messentary |
|
|
What is the piece of tissue that hangs down from the soft palate?
|
Uvula
|
|
|
What is the function of the uvula in swallowing?
|
Closes the nasal cavity
|
|
|
What lubricates alveoli so they don't stick together?
|
Surfactant
|
|
|
Name the structures that allow for forced expiration.
|
Thoracic and abdominal wall muscles
-internal intercoastal muscles -oblique abdominus -Transverse abdominus -rectus abdominus |
|
|
What is Dalton's law?
|
In mixture of gases, each gas exerts a pressure according to the amount of gas in that mixture
|
|
|
What is Boyle's law?
|
Volume inversely proportional to pressure
|
|
|
What does Boyle's law mean?
|
If the volume decreases, pressure increases and vice versa
|
|
|
If you are a swimmer, what volume are you going to be needing?
|
Inspiratory reserve volume
|
|
|
What is the strongest stimulus to increase the respiratory rate?
|
Carbon dioxide build up
|
|
|
What is the substance of the major substance that enters the body that we take in, which stays in the stomach the longest?
|
Fats
|
|
|
When proteins and fats go through the pyloric sphincter and enter the small intestine, what is released?
|
CCK
|
|
|
What does CCK do?
|
Decreases gastric motility and mobility
|
|
|
What does gastrin do?
|
Causes more gastric secretions to be produced
|
|
|
What type of impulses from the nervous system is sent in order for digestion to occur?
|
Parasympathetic
|
|
|
The epiglottis is made up of what type of tissue?
|
Elastic cartilage
|
|
|
What are all the other cartilages of the larynx made up of?
|
Hyaline
|
|
|
Name the gastric juices.
|
HCI, mucus, pepsinogen, intrinsic factor ( from vitamin b12)
|
|
|
These cells (parietal, chief, and mucus) are located in what type of structure in the lining of the cell wall?
|
Gastric gland
|
|
|
The breakdown of what type of material occurs in the stomach first?
|
Protein
|
|
|
Where is amylase produced?
|
Salivary glands and pancreas
|
|
|
what is digestion?
|
mechanical and chemical breakdown of food so that nutrients can be absorbed by cells
|
|
|
What is the alimentary canal?
|
It is a muscular tube about 9 meters long that passes through the body's ventral cavity
|
|
|
What is peristalsis?
|
Wavelike motion which is caused by contraction behind the mass of food as relaxation allows the mass to enter the next segment of the tube
|
|
|
What are the lips purpose?
|
help judge the temperature and texture of food.
|
|
|
What is the purpose of the tongue?
|
To move food around in mouth for the breakdown
|
|
|
What is the function of the soft palate and uvula?
|
To close off the nasal cavity during swallowing
|
|
|
What is the function of saliva?
|
Cleans teeth, breakdown of food, moistens food, helps the taste buds for tasting, and binds particles together
|
|
|
What is the intrinsic factor?
|
to get vitamin b12 absorbed from small intestine
|
|
|
What is food called when it reaches pyloric region?
|
chyme
|
|
|
What is the folding of the stomach wall?
|
Rugae
|
|
|
What does mucous cells produce?
|
Mucus that protects the lining of the stomach
|
|
|
What does chief cells secrete?
|
Pepsin ( to digest protein) as inactive pepsinogen, which is activated when it comes in contact with HCI
|
|
|
What do parietal cells secrete?
|
HCI
|
|
|
What is the only part of the bile that is involved in digestion?
|
Bile salts
|
|
|
What does CCK do?
|
Causes the gallbladder to contract
|
