Alpha Alpha Alpha Resp

Front 1

What are the functions of the respiratory system?

Back 1

direct air from environment into the body and resp surfaces involved in gas exchange

Front 2

a long, narrow and curled bone shelf (shaped like an elongated sea-shell) that protrudes into the breathing passage of the nose.

Back 2

turbinates/nasal concha

Front 3

What part of the brain controls respiration?

Back 3

cerebral cortex, medulla and pons

Front 4

lymphoid tissue
pharyngeal tonsils

Back 4

adenoids

Front 5

Name the divisions of the pharynx.

Back 5

nasopharynx
oropharynx (food/air)
laryngopharynx

Front 6

Where are the olfactory receptors located?

Back 6

superior region of nasal cavity

Front 7

What is phonation and articulation

Back 7

d

Front 8

How many lobes does each lung have?

Back 8

3 on right
2 on left

Front 9

at rest breathing
500ml air per breath

Back 9

tidal volume

Front 10

How is carbon dioxide transported?

Back 10

by hemoglobin as carbominohemoglobin, dissolved in plasma and as carbonic acid

Front 11

Where is the “vital center” for control of breathing?

Back 11

cerebral cortex
limbic system possibly?

Front 12

Back 12

Front 13

Back 13

Front 14

Back 14

Front 15

includes nose, nasal cavity, paranasal sinus, pharynx

Back 15

upper resp tract

Front 16

includes larynx, trachea, bronchi, bronchioles, alveoli

Back 16

lower resp tract

Front 17

part of resp system that conducts air from atmosphere to lungs

Back 17

conducting part

Front 18

part of resp system includes structures where gas exchange occurs, includes last part of bronchioles and distal structures

Back 18

respiratory part of resp system

Front 19

made of hyaline cartilage, muscle, adipose tissue and skin. lined by mucous membrane. upper part made of bone, lower of cartilage

Back 19

Nose

Front 20

division of the nasal cavity, made of hyaline cartilage and bone, separated from nasal cavity by maxillary and palatine bones

Back 20

nasal septum;

Front 21

the hair here helps prevent larger particles from entering nasal cavity

Back 21

nostrils;

Front 22

nares;

Back 22

pair of nasal cavity openings

Front 23

4 paranasal sinuses;

Back 23

sphenoid

maxillary

ethmoid

frontal

Front 24

pharynx (3 parts);

Back 24

nasopharynx

adenoids

eustachian (auditory) tubes

Front 25

voice box
connects pharynx to trachea
cartilage w/ ligaments & muscles attached

Back 25

larynx;

Front 26

located internally in larynx close to base of tongue, shaped like shoehorn. swallow moves it posteriorly to close larynx or glottis to prevent food from going into it

Back 26

epiglottis

Front 27

shaped like a shield

adams apple

Back 27

thyroid cartilage

Front 28

ring-shaped

inferiorly attached to cartilage of trachea

Back 28

cricoid

Front 29

2 elastic ligaments extend between the thyroid cartilage and this feature and go across the glottis

Back 29

arytenoid cartilage

Front 30

windpipetube that extends from cricoid to t5 vert where it branches in two (right/left primary bronchi)

Back 30

trachea;

Front 31

divide repeatedly to form smaller bronchi/bronchioles. divide into 3 on right, 2 on left.

Back 31

primary bronchi;

Front 32

larger spaces connected to bronchioles. opens into smaller champers.

Back 32

Alveolar ducts;

Front 33

alveolar ducts open into these small champers

Back 33

alveoli

Front 34

moves air in and out of lobes of lungs

Back 34

broncus

Front 35

oily secretion
lubricates, reduces surface tension of liquid coating of the alveoli

Back 35

surfactant,

Front 36

layer lining the outside of the lungs

Back 36

visceral pleura,

Front 37

lines inner wall of thoracic cavity, diaphragm and mediastinum

Back 37

parietal pleura,

Front 38

space between parietal and visceral pleura layers

Back 38

pleural cavity

Front 39

double membrane (with a cavity inbetween) that surrounds lungs

Back 39

pleura

Front 40

Absence of automatic breathing

Back 40

apnea;

Front 41

Lung disorder with attacks of breathing difficulty

Back 41

asthma;

Front 42

nosebleed

Back 42

epistaxis;

Front 43

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

Back 43

C.O.P.D.;

Front 44

Bluish discoloration of the skin and mucous membrane from lack of oxygen

Back 44

cyanosis;

Front 45

Shortness of breath or difficulty in breathing

Back 45

dyspnea;

Front 46

Defect of the lung system with destructive changes of the pouches where air exchange occurs

Back 46

emphysema;

Front 47

Highly contagious infection usually of the lungs caused by a virus and transmitted by airborne particles

Back 47

influenza;

Front 48

inflammation of the mucous membrane lining the voice box with swelling of vocal cords

Back 48

laryngitis;

Front 49

inflammation of the lining of the chest, breathlessness and stabbing pain

Back 49

pleurisy;

Front 50

Inflammation of the tissues that line the lungs and chest cavity.

Back 50

pleuritis;

Front 51

Inflammation of the lungs commonly caused by bacteria

Back 51

pneumonia;

Front 52

serious long term incurable blood disease

Back 52

sickle cell anemia;

Front 53

fast breathing

Back 53

tachypnea;

Front 54

volume of air a person can maximally breathe out after maximal inspiration

Back 54

vital capacity,

Front 55

volume of air remaining in the lungs after expiration

Back 55

residual volume

Front 56

5 expiration muscles

Back 56

internal intercostals

rectus abdominus

external oblique

transversus abdominus

internal oblique

Front 57

8 inspiration muscles

Back 57

diaphragm

external intercostals

scm

scalenes

pec major

pec minor

trap

serratus anterior

Front 58

increase volume of throacic cavity/decrease abdominopelvic cavity

Back 58

diaphragm

Front 59

raise ribs, incr vol of thoracic cavity

Back 59

external intercostals

Front 60

flex neck

turn head to opp side

elevate clavical and sternum

Back 60

scm

Front 61

flex neck

elevate ribs

Back 61

scalenes

Front 62

flex, adduct, med rotate humerus, elevate ribs

Back 62

pectoralis major

Front 63

protracts, dpresses, lat rotates scapula, elevates ribs

Back 63

pec minor

Front 64

elevation, depressions, adduction, rotate scapula, elevate clavical, extension of head and neck

Back 64

trapezius

Front 65

protracts, abducts, med rotates scapula, elevate ribs

Back 65

serratus anterior

Front 66

depress ribs decreasing volume of throacic cavity

Back 66

internal intercostals

Front 67

flexes spine, depresses ribs

Back 67

rectus abdominus and external oblique

Front 68

compresses abdomen

Back 68

transversus abdominus

Front 69

flexes/bends spine, depresses ribs

Back 69

internal oblique

Front 70

How is oxygen transported?

Back 70

oxygen in blood transported by hemoglobin as oxyhemoglobin or is dissolved in plasma