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49 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
what are the 5 basic radiographic densities?
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Air- black
Fat-light gray soft tissue/fluid-Medium Gray Mineral (bone)- white metal-bright white |
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what is MD PLOTS?
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M = Mediastinum
D = Diaphragms P = Pleura L = Lungs O = Osseous structures T = Trachea S = Stomach/soft tissues |
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what is VITAMINS?
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V = vascular
I = infection T = trauma A = autoimmune / allergic M = metabolic I = inflammatory/inhalational N = neoplastic S = structural any problem can fall into one of these categories |
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what lobes of the lung make contact with the heart and are where you look for the silhouette sign
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middle lobe (right lung)
lingula (left lung) |
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what can lead to a silhouette sign?
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too much air, too little air, fluid, or no fluid
no air space between the lung and heart (the silhouette sign refers to loss of normal border between structures) |
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what is the air bronchogram sign?
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On a normal CXR, we can visualize the air-filled trachea, mainstem bronchi and initial portions of the lobar bronchi. Further branchings should only be seen with the injection of contrast during a bronchogram. When air can be visualized in the more peripheral intrapulmonary bronchi, this is known as the ‘air-bronchogram sign’. This abnormality is usually caused by an infiltrate/consolidation that surrounds the bronchi.
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3 things cause alveolar lung disease...what are they?
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Pulmonary hemorrhage
Pneumonia Pulmonary edema |
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air bronchograms are seen in what general type of disease?
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alveolar lung disease
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linear or thin types of appearance in the lungs are seen in what general type of disease?
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Interstitial Lung Disease
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what is the most common type of interstitial lung disease?
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fibrosis
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if a chest xray appears nodular, or reticular what kind of lung disease do you have?
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Interstitial Lung Disease
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the border of a normally visible structure is obscured by adjacent pathology
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Silhouette Sign
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RML pneumonia obscures the right heart border..this is an example of what?
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Silhouette sign
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Occurs when blood, pus or fluid fills the alveoli providing a background such that air within bronchi becomes visible
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Air bronchogram sign
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what is the hallmark of alveolar lung disease?
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air bronchogram
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What are the 3 things that cause airspace disease?
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Blood (i.e. pulmonary contusion)
Pus (i.e. pneumonia) Fluid (i.e. pulmonary edema) |
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what does this show
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Cloud Like alveolar lung disease
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what disease does this show
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interstitial lung disease
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alveolar (airspace) or interstitial disease?
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alveolar
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alveolar or interstitial lung disease?
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interstitial
hyper inflated lungs, heart looks small |
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what lobe is affected? alveolar or interstitial
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right upper
alveolar...minor fissure with sharp demarcation. |
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what lobe is affected? alveolar or interstitial
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right upper
alveolar...minor fissure with sharp demarcation. |
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what lobe is affected
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right upper lobe.
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what is being shown here?
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air bronchogram...alveolar disease
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what is going on here
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lingular pnuemonia
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what is going on here
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lingular pnuemonia
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Right middle lobe
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pneumonia (pus likely)
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Consollidation
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air bronchogram
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hyperlucency in lung fields looks like what on a film? what is it seen in?
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BLACK
COPD |
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Flattening of the hemidiaphragms and increased AP diameter of the chest are seen in what?
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COPD
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What are Bulla?
What are Blebs? What are they both seen in? |
Bulla – coalescence of alveoli
Bleb – focal air collection in pleural space COPD |
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what specific disease is this
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COPD
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what does the black arrow show?
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BLEB
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what do the arrows show
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bullae
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Retrosternal airspace
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left lung
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what are 3 important findings in this xray..and what do they have?
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Hyperinflation, flattening, small heart
COPD |