Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
16 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
Conceptual Fit
|
How closely your operational definition matches your conceptual definition
fit between what is measured and what was set out to measure. |
|
|
Nominal Scales
|
Must have at least 2 categories
The categories must be: Exhaustive Exclusive Equivalent |
|
|
Ordinal Scales
|
Ordered Scales
Categories are arranged in an order There is NOT equivalent distance between the items Any measure that uses ranking is ordinal |
|
|
Interval Scales
|
Equal distances
Include a zero point (positive/negative values) The scores can be manipulated mathematically |
|
|
Ratio Scales
|
ABSOLUTE ZERO
Equal intervals Can be mathmatically measured |
|
|
Independent Variables
|
Predictor and Manipulated variable
Variable that causes or determines the value in another variable ex. *amount of cigarettes smoked* determines probability of lung cancer |
|
|
Dependent Variables
|
Predicted by another variable
depends on another variable |
|
|
Extraneous Variable
|
Third variable (not controlled by the researcher)
Affects the dependent variable |
|
|
Confounding Variable
|
Affects both IV and DV
Cannot be separated from them |
|
|
Mediating Variables
|
A -> M ->B
A is only related to B because of the mediating variable M A- low comm apprehension M- causes student to speak out more in class B- which causes student to get a better grade |
|
|
Moderating Variable
|
Has a predicted effect on both A and B
|
|
|
Types of Relationships Between Variables:
Reversible & Irreversible |
Can go either way
Can only go in one direction ex. Smoking can only cause lung cancer |
|
|
Types of Relationships Between Variables:
Deterministic Stochastic |
Determinisitc - DV MUST ALWAYS result from IV
Stochastic - DV MIGHT BE PROBABLE to result from IV |
|
|
Types of Relationships Between Variables: Sequential
Co-extensive |
Sequential- Ordering is important and must appear sequentially
Co-extensive- occur together or simultaneously |
|
|
Types of Relationships Between Variables: Sufficient
Contingent |
Sufficient: IV is enough to cause DV
Contingent: IV is only enough to cause DV when A is present |
|
|
Types of Relationships Between Variables: Necessary
Substitutable |
Necessary - only IV can cause DV to occur
Substituable - IV is one of many things that could cause DV to occur |
