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14 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Random Sampling |
Every member has an equal chance of being selected. E.g. Pulling names out if as hat or using a lottery technique |
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Systematic sampling |
Using a predetermined system with a target population. E.g. Selecting every 10th person from the phone book |
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Stratified and quota Sampling |
Dividing the target population into important subcategories. Selecting members in proportion that they occur in. E.g. 2.5% of British are of Indian origin so 2.5% of your sample should be of Indian origin. |
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Opportunity Sampling |
Selecting thosse people who are available at the time. E.g. Going up to people in a cafe and asking them to be interviewed. |
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Self seleted (Volunteer) sampling |
Individuals who have been chosen to be involved in the study. Also called volunteer. E.g. People who responded to an advert for participants |
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Strengths of systematic sampling |
Unbiased as participants are selected from an objective system. |
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Weaknesses of systematic sampling |
Not completely random Not everyone has an equal chance of people picked
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Strengths of stratified and quota sampling |
A deliberate effort is made to make the sample population representative of the target population More respresentative than opportunity sampling as there is a equal representation of subgroups |
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Weaknesses of stratified sampling |
It can be time consuming as subcategories have to be identified and proportions calculated Same weaknesses of random and opportunity sampling |
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Strengths of random sampling |
For every large sample it provided the best chance of an unbiased representative sample All members of the teacher population have an equal chance of being selected |
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Strengths of opportunity sampling |
Quick, convenient and economical. A most common type of sampling in practice. |
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Weakness of opportunity sampling |
Very unrepresentative samples and often biased by the researcher who will likely choose people who are 'helpful'. Will be biased as you will only be selecting from a small subgroup of the target population. |
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Self selected (volunteer) sampling |
Relatively convenient and ethical if it leads to informed consent. Assess to a wide variety of participants, which could lead to a more representative sample. |
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Weaknesses of self selected (volunteer) sampling |
Unrepresentative as it leads to bias on the part of participant. E.g. day time TV adverts would not attract full time workers Sample will be biased becaause participants are more likely to be highly motivated |