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42 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is the name for turtles and tortoises?
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Chelonians
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What is the name for the ventral shell?
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Plastron
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What is the name for the dorsal shell?
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Carapace
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Approximately which percentile of the snake body is the heart located in?
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20-23%
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Approximately which percentile of the snake body is the lung field located in?
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35-45%
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Approximately which percentile of the snake body is the LIVER located in?
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45-55%
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Approximately which percentile of the snake body are the gonads in?
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60-80%
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Do snakes have ears?
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No - they hear as the bones of the mandible and the quadrate bones pick up groud vibrations
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What best describes reptiles?
Endothermic or Ectothermic? |
Ectothermic
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What constitutes reptile skin
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Modified dermal tissues - containing beta keratin
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What gives flexibility between scales?
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alpha keratin
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What is the name of glands that lizards have?
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Femoral pores on cloaca
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What glands do snakes have?
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Musk glands at tail base
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What glandsdo chameleons have
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Temporal Glands - UV active secretions
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What cells control colour change?
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Melanophores and Chromatophores
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What is the clinical name for skin shedding?
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Ecdysis
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How many days does it take for ecdysis to complete?
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14 days
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What are the signs of skin shedding?
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Dull colour coat, translucent colvering over eye = in blue,
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What types of teeth are found in chameleons and agamids?
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Acrodont(not replaced and sit on a bony ridge)
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What creatures are susceptible to dental disease?
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Acrodont
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Which creature does not have teeth?
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Chelonians
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How is venom produced?
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Modified salivary glands
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Where is the digestive tract of tortoises?
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Coelomic cavity
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How many regions are there in chlonian lungs?
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15
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How does respiration occur in chelonians?
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Muscular movements of head and limbs. No diaphragm
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Which lung is functional in most colubrid snakes?
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Right
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Which snakes have 2 lungs?
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Boas and Pythons
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In lizards which part of the lung is most important for gas exchange?
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Cranial
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Where is the heart located in chelonians
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Just over the plastron at junction of abdominal and pectoral scutes
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How many chambers does the Reptile heart have?
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3
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Why is the reptile heart adapted so?
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To allow for periods of breath holding, can bypass the lungs
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What is the renal portal system?
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Allows blood to bypass via the kidneys during times of drought to preserve tubular function.
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Why should a vet be concerned about the renal portal system?
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Some drugs either injected caudally or excreted by the tubules could selectively pass to the kidney = damaging
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How might you calm an aggressive lizard?
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Vagovagal reflex. Pressure to eyes = increases parasympathetic tone and can immobilise them
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How long do reptile blood cells last for?
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800days
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What is special about reptile red blood cells?
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They are nucleated
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What is different about reptilian nephrons?
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No loop of henle
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How do reptile conserve water?
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Post renal modification in cloaca or bladder. Tortoises can conserve up to 25% bodyweight when full
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Do snakes have a bladder?
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No
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How can species conserve water during drought?
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Decrease blood flow to glomerulus and therefore decrease glomerular filtration rate
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Name another adaption reptiles have to conserve water?
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Can selectively excrete eg desert and marine species excrete excess salt
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How many hemipenes do lizards and snakes have?
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Two at the base of the tail. Either can be used
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