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22 Cards in this Set

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Neonatal disorders include..

fading puppy or kitten Syndrome




most common problem


most affected will die in less than a week of being born




young die without any sufficient signs to make a diagnosis

fading puppy/kitten syndrome potential cause...

•Poormechanisms of thermoregulation, fluid and energy balance, immunologicallyincompetent and may also have abnormal lung surfactant composition••Combined above withpoor management and poor mothering the risk of fatality is high. ••Herpes virus is nowconsidered to be a major component (ensure dam is vaccinated). A respiratory virus that causes fewsymptoms in the adult, but if pups are exposed in their first few weeks theymay develop fatal pneumonia.

congenital disorders include ...

cleft palate


hare lip


umbilical hernia


rectal atresia


hydrocephalus





cleft palate




failure of thepalate to fuse at the midline, resulting in communication between the oral andnasal cavities

Hare lip




failure of upper lip to fuse at the midline

umbilical hernia




incomplete fusion of abdominal wall in umbilical area - cannot breed from those who have had an umbilical hernia

Rectal Atresia




no rectal opening

hydrocephalus




enlargement of cranium cause by an abnormal accumulation of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)

Cystic endometrial hyperplasia (CEH) and pyometra

•Duringmetoestrus changes in the liningof the womb••Increase in thenumber/size of glands and a decrease in leucocytes••CEH changesare marked – Cross sections of anaffected uterus will show the cystic nature of the glands••May not result inany clinical change

Cystic Endometrial Hyperplasia (CEH)

open pyometra =

open cervix which allows purulent discharge to escape and be seen as a vaginal discharge

closed pyometra =

•Sealed cervix allowsvery little discharge to escape and the build-up of purulent fluid within theuterus occurs more rapidly.


- potential to rupture

CEH and pyometra signs

•PUPD•Vaginaldischarge if the cervix is open. This may be the only sign seen in the cat.•Swollenabdomen if the pyometra is large•Pyrexia (mild)•Vomiting•Lethargy•Eventual shockand collapse

CEH and pyometra diagnosis

signs and history




bloods - neutrophilliaand uraemia (this occurs due to poor blood flow through the kidneys as thebacterial toxins affect circulation)




radiography




ultrasonography





CEH and pyometra treatment

- Surgical •Supportivetreatment for endotoxic shock/septicaemia•Intravenousfluids•Antibiotics•Possibly non-steroidalanti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) will usually be given to stabilise the patientprior to surgery.




treated medically - will reoccur next season

Pseudopregnancy

false pregnancy




abnormal levels of prolactin


behavioural changes




treatment involves prolactin-blocking drug

ovarian disease

ovarian cysts and neoplasia




surgical intervention

intersex animals

reproductive tracts contain both male and female characteristics

vaginal disease

•Vaginitis in immature bitches•Hypoplasticvagina •Vaginal Prolapse •Vaginal Polyps andtumours – occasionally seen, surgery is usually required

prostate disease

In an unneuteredmale – •Prostatichyperplasia •Prostatic cysts•Prostatitis•Neoplasia




In theneutered male – •Neoplasia

testicular tumours

Three types of common tumours that can develop from –•Interstitialcells•Seminiferous cells •Sertoli cells

testicular tumour


•Castrationnormally works••Tumours morecommon in cryptorchid dogs••Rare in catsas so many castrated