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104 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
what is reproduction |
the process of parents producing new individuals |
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Development |
the changes in body form and shape in the course of an organism's life |
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growth |
Becoming larger and changing |
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Metamorphosis |
changing form referring to changes in structure that happen as an organism develops into an adult |
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Sexual reproduction |
Needs two parents |
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Asexual reproduction |
Needing only one parent, means without sex |
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sexual reproduction |
happens when a sperm from a male and a egg from a female join together in a process called fertilisation |
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Fertilisation |
When sperm from a male and a egg from a female join together |
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zygote |
A new cell resulting from fertilisation |
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Fruit |
A structure in which seeds develope in plants |
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Fruit |
remains of the ovary, plus all the seeds it contains |
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A seed |
a capsule containing a new plant |
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A embryo |
a seed capsule containing a new plant
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Stigma |
Site for pollen to be deposited |
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petal |
Coloured parts that attract animals to allow pollination |
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Anther |
produces pollen that contains the male gamete |
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Filament |
holds the anther |
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sepal |
covers the flower in the bud and protects it |
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ovule |
the name for the egg in plants |
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flower stalk |
supports and displays the flower |
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germination |
the process of the embryo sprouting out of the seed |
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Exernal fertilisation |
takes place outside the body such as fish fertilising eggs in water |
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internal fertilisation |
Takes place inside the body, all land animals this type of fertilisation. |
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Copulation |
the act of joining together of the male and female to transfer sperm |
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Development |
the process in which the new individual changes to look like others of its type |
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Asexual reproduction |
occurs when new indificula grows from part of the parent's body, doesn't invold sperm or eggs |
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Sexual reproduction |
produces offspring that are different from each other, to help them survive in a changing environment |
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hermaphrodites |
animals that have both male and female sex organs |
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cross fertilisation |
the process of both animals passing sperm to each other and each having its eggs fertilised by the other |
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Cross-fertilisation |
common in flowering plants |
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Avoid self fertilisation |
by having the stigma mature at different times |
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female reproduction system |
has the role of producing a baby |
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eggs or ova |
produced in the ovaries |
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ovaries |
Release only one ovum (egg) a month. |
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follicle |
a capsule in which the female egg forms |
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fallopian tubes or oviducts |
tubes down which the egg passes on its way to the uterus |
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fallopian tube |
the place where the egg meets the sperm and becomes fertislised |
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Testes |
the sperm are produced in here |
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Testes |
also know as testicles |
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scrotum |
a sac that contains the teste |
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sperm duct |
a hollow tube through which the sperm leaves the body |
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semen |
This is a mixture of sperm and other fluids |
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Urethra |
the place through which sperm passes out of the body |
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Puberty |
refers to the time in a person's life when they become able to reproduce |
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Puberty for boys |
occurs when fertile sperm is able to be produced |
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Puberty for girls |
is when the first ovulation occurs |
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testosterone |
hormone that increases in males during puberty |
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FSH and LH |
hormones that causes an increase in estrogen |
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Biosecurity |
preventing pest and disease organism from entering our country |
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development |
changes in body form and shape in an organism's life |
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Egg |
female cell that must be fertilised to sart a life cycle |
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growth |
an increase in body size |
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Imago |
the adult stage in an insect life cyce (complete metaphorphosis) |
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larva |
the second stage in an insect life cycle (complete metaphorphosis) |
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life cycle |
the changes that happen to an indiviual from its formation until it has produced offspring similar to it |
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Metamorphosis |
the changes in structure that happen as an organism develops into an adult |
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nymph |
the stage of an insect life cycle that gradually develops into the adult without becoming a pupa (incomplete metamorphosis) |
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pupa |
the stage in an insect lifecycle when the larva changes into an imago (complete metamorphosis) |
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reproduction |
the process of parents producing new individuals or offspring |
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Anther |
the part of the flower that produces the pollen |
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Asexual reproduction |
a new individual growing from part of its one parents body with no joining of gametes |
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copulation |
two individuals joining to allow gametes to becoming fertilised |
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cross fertilisation |
when gametes from two separate individuals join together |
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development |
the process by which the cell fromed by fertilisation divides and develops to begin to look like an adult |
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embryo |
a developing offspring at a very early stage of development |
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fertilisation |
the joining of gametes |
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flower |
the reproductive structure in plants that makes male sex cells and female sex cells |
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fruit |
the structure that the ovary of a flowering plant tyurns into as the seeds ripen |
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germination |
when the young growing plant sprouts out of the seed |
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hermaphrodite |
an individual with both male and female sex organs |
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parthenogenesis |
where offspring develop from eggs that have not been fertilised by a male gamete. A form of asexual reproduction |
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pollination |
transfer of pollen from the anther to the stigma |
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self-fertilisation |
when gamates from the same indiviual join together |
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sexual reproduction |
the process of a sperm and an egg joining together and then growing into a new individual |
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stigma |
the flower part that receives the pollen |
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style |
connects the stigma to the ovary |
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zygote |
the first cell of the new individual after fertilisation |
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cervix |
part of the uterus that keeps it closed while the baby is developing |
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fallopian tubes (oviducts) |
tubes down which the egg passes and where fertilisation occurs |
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hormones |
chemicals made in the body to control reproduction and physical characteristics |
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implantation |
process of the blastocyst burrowing into the lining of the uterus |
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menstrual cycle |
regular monthly changes in the hormones and reproductive organs of adult females |
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menstruation |
blood and tissue loss from the lining of the uterus at the start of a menstrual cycle |
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ovaries |
organs that produce the eggs or ova` |
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Ovulation |
the egg bursting out of the follicle |
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period |
shedding of blood and dead tissue fromt he lining of the uterus |
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puberty |
the time in life when physical changes bring sexual materity |
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semen |
a mixture of sperm and other fluid released from the penis |
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sperm duct |
tube carrying sperm from the testes to the urethra |
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testes |
male organs that produce the sperm |
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uterus (womb) |
organ in which the fetus grows and develops |
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vagina |
organ that allows the male penis to be inserted to deposit the sperm and also acts as the birth canal dwon which the baby passes |
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afterbirth |
placenta expelled from the mother after birth |
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amniotic fluid |
fluid surrounding the embryo that acts as a shock absorber and helps to maintian a constant temperature |
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blastocyst |
a hollow ball of cells that becomes an embryo |
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copulation |
two individuals joining together for sexual reproduction |
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ejaculation |
process of sperm being squeezed out of the pensi |
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embryo |
early stages of development before the major organ systems are formed |
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fetal alchol syndrome |
damage caused by alcolhol in pregnancy where the baby is samll, has a small head, unusual facial features, and heart defects |
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fetus |
stage of development when most of the major organs and systems are present |
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gestation |
the time period from fertilisation to birth |
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labour |
process leading to birth, from first contractions of the uterus to explusion of the afterbirth |
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placenta |
membranes of the fetus and mother that allow nutrients and oxygen to be exchanged and waste to be removed |
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sexual intercourse |
a male and femal copulating |