Representation Of Data In Computer Systems

Front 1

Denary

Back 1

A system of numbers using ten digits 0 and 1-9 (also called base-10)

Front 2

Bit

Back 2

Binary digit 1 or 0

Front 3

Byte

Back 3

8 bits

Front 4

Nibble

Back 4

4 bits or half a byte

Front 5

Kilobyte

Back 5

1024 bytes

Front 6

Megabyte

Back 6

1024 kilobytes

Front 7

Gigabyte

Back 7

1024 megabytes

Front 8

Terabyte

Back 8

1024 gigabytes

Front 9

Overflow

Back 9

When a number becomes too large to fit into the number of bits allocated it is said to 'overflow' and some bits are 'lost' leaving an incorrect value or error

Front 10

Hexadecimal

Back 10

A number system using sixteen digits 0, 1-9 and A-F (also called base-16)

Front 11

Character set

Back 11

The characters available to a computer

Front 12

ASCII

Back 12

7-bit system used to code the character set (keyboard inputs) of a computer

Front 13

Unicode

Back 13

Up to 32-bit system to code the characters of a computer

Front 14

Pixel

Back 14

Smallest addressable element of an image. Pixels are the dots that make the image on screen

Front 15

Colour depth

Back 15

The number of bits used for each pixel or dot. The more bits the more colours that can be represented

Front 16

Resolution

Back 16

The number of pixels or dots per unit for example ppi (pixels per inch), often referred to as dpi (dots per inch)

Front 17

Metadata

Back 17

Information about the image data that allows the computer to recreate the image from the binary data in the file. This must contain the height and width in pixels and the colour depth in bpp (bits per pixel)

Front 18

Analogue

Back 18

Refers to continuously changing values (think sound wave)

Front 19

Sample rate

Back 19

The number of times the sound is sampled per second measured in Hz (100 Hz is 100 samples per second)

Front 20

Bit rate

Back 20

The bit rate is the space available for each sample measured in kilobits per second (kbits/second)

Front 21

Address

Back 21

A location in main memory used to store data or instructions

Front 22

Register

Back 22

Special fast access part of the CPU that stores data in use by the CPU

Front 23

Program counter

Back 23

A register in the CPU that keeps the address of the next instruction

Front 24

Operator

Back 24

This is the part of the instruction that tells the CPU what to do

Front 25

Operand

Back 25

This is the part of the instruction that tells the CPU what to apply the operation to

Front 26

Accumulator

Back 26

A register in the CPU that stores data currently being used by the CPU