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20 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
K+ normal values
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3.5-5.0 mEq/L
3.5-5.0 mmol critical levels <2.5 or >6.5 |
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Hypokalemia S&S
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weakness, fatigue, anorexia, abdominal distension. cardiac arrhythmias (too much lasix) tachycardia, hypotension, flacid muscles, flat t waves, u waves. (CNS depression) ventricular irritability
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Hyperkalemia S&S
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cardiac arrhymias, anxiety, increased bowel sounds, abdominal cramps (renal failure) bradycardia, tall-peaked t waves, tremors twitching (CNS stimulation)
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Food sources of K+
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Apricots,Avocado Banana meat, dairy, dried fruit, Cantaloupe raisins, broccoli, Honeydew Kiwi Lima beans Milk Oranges and orange juice Potatoes Prunes Spinach Tomatoes Vegetable juice
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Low potassium diet
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Bread, eggs, celery, apples, berries, grapefruit, peaches, cabbage, carrots, cauliflower, celery, onion, squash
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Na+ normal values
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136-145 mEq
136-145 mmol critical levels <120 or >160 |
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Hyponatremia S&S
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fatigue, abdominal cramps, diarrhea, weakness, hypotension, cool clammy skin
Cardiac: dec. CO, dec. contractility |
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Hypernatremia S&S
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thirst, dry sticky mucous membranes, dry tongue and skin, increased temp
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High sodium foods
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beets celery oysters prepared food tomato juice
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Ca++ normal values
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9-11 mg/dL, 2.05-2.54 mmol/L
Critical levels: >12, <7 |
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Magnesium lab values
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1.3-2.1 mg/dL
critical levels <1, >5 |
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Hypomagmesemia S&S
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CNS stimulation, irritability, increased reflexes, ventricular irritability
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Hypermagmesemia S&S
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CNS depression, hypo reflexes, brady, hypotension
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Phosphorus PO4 lab values
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2.5-4.5 mEq/dL
Critical levels <1 |
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Hyperphosphatemia S&S
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none
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Hypophosphatemia S&S
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trouble breathing or respiratory problems, confusion, irritability, or coma
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BUN (Blood urea Nitrogen)
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10-20 mmg/dL
Critical levels >40 not dehydrated/no Hx of renal disease >100 w/ Hx or renal disease >20 increase in 24 hrs= Acute renal failure |
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Cr (Serum Creatinine)
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0.5-1.2
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Kussmaul respirations
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fast, deep. compensation for metabolic acidosis
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vitamin D activation in renal failure
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hormone produced by kidney activated vitamin D
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