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11 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Kidneys:
regulate body's levels of _____________ (3) maintain __________ balance activate __________. produce _________ (2) |
H2O, Na+, K+
acid/base Vitamin D renin, erythropoietin |
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Kidneys lie in the ___________ and are ______peritoneal.
Which kidney is bigger? Why? What's anterior to the right kidney? anterior to left kidney? |
paravertebral gutters
retroperitoneal Left- right one under liver liver, duodenum, ascending colon tail of the pancreas, stomach, spleen, jejunum, desc. colon |
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Which layer of kidney contains the glomeruli, Bowman's capsules, proximal/distal tubules?
Which layer contains collecting ducts, Loops of Henle? |
Cortex
Medulla |
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Describe flow of urine from tubules to ureter:
Which renal artery is longer? Flow of blood from lobar artery to afferent arterioles? |
tubules --> papilla --> minor calyx --> major calyx --> renal pelvis --> ureters
Right lobar --> interlobar --> arcuate --> interlobular --> afferent arterioles |
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What level do the L and R renal veins empty into the IVC?
What level do the L and R renal arteries come off the aorta? Which renal vein is longer? |
L2
L1-L2 Left |
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What empties into the L renal vein? How is this different from the R?
SNS nerve supply to kidney? PNS nerve supply? |
L suprarenal vein, L gonadal vein; R side empties into IVC
Lesser/least splanchnic - T10-11, T12 Vagus, pelvic splanchnics (S2-S4) |
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Ureter relationship to psoas major and iliac artery bifurcation?
Relationship to gonadal arteries? Innervation to ureters? (SNS, PNS) |
anterior to both
gonadal arteries cross over ureters "Water under the bridge" SNS - renal plexus, sup./inf. hypogastric plexus, hypogastric n. PNS - Vagus, pelvis splanchnic |
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Lymphatic drainage of kidney?
R adrenal gland is ______ shaped. L adrenal gland is ______ shaped. Which one is more medial? |
Upper 1/3 - renal lymphatics, lumbar
Middle 1/3 - common iliac Lower 1/3 - internal/external iliac R - pyramidal, L - crescent Left is more medial |
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Adrenal medulla - from what cells? Produce what?
Adrenal cortex - what cells? 3 zones produce what? |
neural crest cells - epi, norepi
mesothelial cells Zona Glomerulosa - mineralocorticoids Zona Fasciculata - glucocorticoids Zona Reticularis - Androgens |
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The superior adrenal artery comes from what?
Middle adrenal artery from what? Inferior adrenal artery from what? |
Inferior phrenic
aorta renal a. |
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Congenital anomaly where: kidneys remain fused:
kidneys fail to ascend: Kidney stones are usually made of __________. 3 points where renal calculi can block urine flow? |
horseshoe kidney
ectopic kidney calcium oxalate renal pelvis --> ureter ureter crossing pelvic inlet ureter into bladder |
