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33 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
Schleiermacher, the German theologian, brought about a new era in German theology, especially in regard to thinking about what we know of God. When we talk about God, according to Schleiermacher, what are we really talking about?
When we talk about God, we are talking about our experience of God.
Sidney E. Ahlstrom believes that it was an “ambitious objective” of Protestant liberals that caused what Ahlstrom termed the most fundamental controversy since the Reformation. Which of the following best represents this “ambitious objective”?
Protestant liberals attempted to lead Protestants into the world of modern science.
William Carey taught that it was essential that a preacher of the gospel must understand the thought of a nation in which he serves. Which of the following best represents why a preacher must understand the local culture and thought?
Because the thought-world of a nation must also be taken captive for Christ.
Walter Rauschenbusch taught that “super-personal” beings must also be saved. Which of the following best represents what a “super-personal” being is and how such a person can become saved?
A “super-personal” being is a great structure of social life that takes on a life of its own.
Charles Brent thought that disunity among Christians made cooperation among churches impossible. Which of the following best represents what Brent thought was the only basis for cooperation among churches?
Christian churches will only cooperate when they agree on the essentials of doctrine.
Puritanism stressed a “personal” side in the individual's experience of grace, but then moved on to a “public” side. Which of the following best represents what the Puritans affirmed about the “public” side of grace?
The Puritans affirmed the elect’s mission to change society.
Shelley informs us that Marx and Engels had a different approach to solving the industrial social crisis. Which of the following best represents the only way to attain a solution to the industrial social crisis, according to the Communist Manifesto?
According to the Communist Manifesto, we can solve the crisis only by the forcible overthrow of all existing social institutions.
Shelley speaks of the poverty and social crisis brought on by the new industrial society. He says that the churches of the 19th century did not have a strong position from which to speak to the industrial social crisis. Which of the following best represents why the churches could not respond to the industrial social crisis?
Because of the separation of church and state, the church had no political platform.
Shelley discusses the rise of “higher criticism.” According to Shelley, higher criticism threw doubted on one thing that was the most important of all the things that it doubted. Which of the following best represents this most important thing that higher criticism threw doubt on?
Higher criticism threw doubt on the belief that the Bible was an infallible authority.
By the end of the 1970s, according to Shelley, the World Council of Churches had changed its vision of primary expression of Christian unity. Which of the following best represents what came to be the WCC’s new primary expression of Christian unity?
The WCC’s new expression of Christian unity centered on political and social concerns.
According to Shelley, the Puritan idea of "covenant" had two sides. On the one side, it opened the Scripture as a source of strength for the believer. Which of the following best represents the other side of the Puritan idea of covenant?
The bond of the covenant obligated the saint to walk in all of God’s ways.
Shelley explains the denominational theory of the church. Which of the following best represents the idea of denominationalism as originally designed?
A denomination, as originally designed, was one part of the universal Church.
Shelley notes that the Scots were driven to take up arms against their king in the "National League and Covenant.” Which of the following best represents what drove the Scots to join in this "League and Covenant?
The King attempted to impose the Book of Common Prayer on the Scots.
Shelley cites Henry Emerson Fosdick to define the central aim that was foundational to both "evangelical liberalism" and "modernistic liberalism." State this central aim as Fosdick puts it.
The central aim was to make it possible for one to be both modern and a Christian.
The first cultural "shock" for nineteenth century America was Charles Darwin's The Origin of the Species, published in 1859. Which of the following best represents what Shelley believes was the challenge for evangelical Christians presented by The Origin of the Species?
The Origin of the Species called into question the idea of a creating and sustaining God.
Olson speaks of a legacy of liberal Protestantism. We can see this legacy in that liberal theologian’s distain doctrine and emphasize something else in its place. Which of the following best represents what liberal Protestant theologians emphasize?
Liberal theologians emphasize ethical education.
Isaac Backus preached the “New Light.” Which of the following best represents what Backus meant by the “New Light”?
The “New Light” was the inward witness that was the key to revival in New England.
Albrecht Ritschl proposed to “disentangle” Christianity from science. Ritschl taught something about truth and religions propositions. Which of the following best represents what Ritschl proposed about religious propositions?
Religious propositions speak of values or value judgments.
The interface between faith and cultural tradition can result in two distinct things, one a disaster and one that arises from the gospel itself. Which of the following best represents the disaster that can occur at this interface?
The gospel can be condemned by a people before it is heard.
During the Second Council of the Vatican (Vatican II), problems arose over the proposed document on divine revelation. What was the “central question” about revelation, according to Shelley?
The “central question” about revelation asked if we found some truths only in tradition.
The revivalists of the Great Awakening concentrated on the individual’s need for salvation. According to Shelley, this had consequences for America as a whole. Which of the following best represents one of these consequences?
In consequence, the revivalists shifted the idea of the “covenant people” to America in general.
Shelley discusses the hot issues regarding the institution of slavery as the United States spread to the west. Which of the following best represents a major “hot” question about slavery as the nation spread west, according to Shelley?
A major question was whether new States would be slave or free.
Olson discusses the ideas of the German philosopher Hegel about humanity and human culture. Which of the following best represents what Hegel thought about human culture?
Human culture is God coming to self-consciousness.
The Peace of Westphalia in 1648 brought about two new political/religious realities. Which of the following best represents one of those new realities?
The Peace of Westphalia meant that Protestants and Roman Catholics could live together in the same territory.
According to Olson, nineteenth century theologians were not willing to put modernity on a par with Scripture. Which of the following best represents what, then, makes certain nineteenth century thinkers “liberal” thinkers?
These thinkers believed that modern thought was necessary in order to interpret the Bible.
Schleiermacher stated that theology must abandon the distinction between the natural and the supernatural. Which of the following best represents why we must abandon this distinction, according to Schleiermacher?
We must regard everything that happens in nature as the activity of God
David Livingstone was appalled that the African slave trade was being perpetuated by Africans, themselves. Which of the following best represents what Livingstone believed could be the solution to the problem of the slave trade in Africa?
Western commerce and goods could end the slave trade.
Shelley tells us that, influenced by Isaac Backus, the Baptists developed a “basic” position that would allow America to become a truly Christian nation. Which of the following best represents this “basic” Baptist position?
The Baptist position was that we must sever all connections between church and state.
Ritschl believed that Jesus did not exist as God prior to his earthly life, except in the mind of God. Why, then, do Christians call Jesus “God”?
Christians call Jesus “God” because his life vocation made possible partial achievement of God’s kingdom within history.
Shelley asserts that, in Protestant England, Protestant labor leaders took something from their Methodist backgrounds and brought it into their support of “the laboring man.” Which of the following best represents what these leaders took from their Methodist background?
Protestant labor leaders took their zeal and organizing skills from their Methodist background.
Shelley explains the Puritan idea of the “covenant of grace.” Which of the following best represents how the Puritan idea of the “covenant of grace” works out in the church?
The “covenant of grace” meant that conversion must precede church membership.
According to Rauschenbusch, the individualistic gospel saved souls, but could not do what the social gospel sought to do. In Rauschenbusch’s understanding, what did the social gospel seek to do?
The social gospel sought to bring people to repentance for their collective sins.
According to Cardinal Suenens, the conflict over authority in the Roman Catholic Church could be traced to two contrasting theologies about the Church. Describe briefly the two contrasting theologies that fueled the conflict over authority in the Roman Catholic Church.
One sees the church as a fellowship of spiritual communities held together by their recognition of papal primacy. The other sees the Church as a medieval superstate governed by an absolute monarch.