Religions Of The World

Front 1

the influence of christianity on hinduism

Back 1

christianity was brought to india by the disciple Thomas in the first century ce. since has influenced hinduism in many ways

Front 2

the life and influence of gandhi

Back 2

lawywer influenced by buddhism, jainism and hinduism. non-violence, ahisma, social reform, one god and teachings from christian gospels

Front 3

who was influened by gandhi?

Back 3

martin luther king, thoreau, and civil rights movements by his teachings

Front 4

holi

Back 4

most popular hindu festival, dedicated to krishna. once a fertility ceremony, it celebrates spring and destruction of demons. caste andd taboo restrictions are lifted so that pleasure is emphasized

Front 5

divali

Back 5

hindu- festival of lights welcomes the new year. there are pilgrimages to sites connected to the goddess kali(shiva's consort, and the goddess lakshima brings prospreity and good fortune to any houde lit with a lamp

Front 6

dashehra

Back 6

this nine day october festival celebrates durga's9a consort of shiva) victory over the buffalo demon. parades, dancing, and gift giving mark this celebration

Front 7

problems of hinduism today

Back 7

must deal with issues of birth control and urban problrms. tesion between hindus and muslims. beginning of hindu fundamentalism and theocracy in 1990, problems with sikhs; wasrs over religion

Front 8

the spread of buddhism from india to east asia

Back 8

began in india in the 6th century bce as another branch of hinduism. missionaries were sentto asain countries; strongly embraced in china, japan,korea and south east asia

Front 9

siddhartha guatama and his early life

Back 9

was born in gautama clan in 6th century bce into kshatriya(warrior) class. prophet predicted his life events

Front 10

siddhatha gautama's acheivement of enlightenment

Back 10

realizing that all of life is passing, we cannot attach to anything, adopts the middle way, against asceticism

Front 11

define the "sangha"

Back 11

the budda's monostatic orders. anyone can be enlightend, not just males and priests. against animal sacrifices and rejected the vedas

Front 12

the buddha's teaching about the gods

Back 12

only mortal beings subjected to the laws of karma and rebirth. no need to appeal to the gods. individuals are resposible for their own rebirth

Front 13

the buddha's teaching about the soul

Back 13

it does not exist

Front 14

no soul

Back 14

anatman

Front 15

humans are merely made up of five skandas

Back 15

body, feelings, understanding, will, and consciouness

Front 16

right views, right intervention, right speech, right action, rightllivlihood, right effort, right mindfulness and right concentration

Back 16

the eight components of the eightfold path

Front 17

all of life is suffering. we suffer, because we desire. stop desiring, reach nirvana. follow the eightfold path

Back 17

the four noble truths

Front 18

nirvana

Back 18

meaning "extinction" it is the end of desire or "tanah". at death, release from this world to total nothingness, bliss

Front 19

hinyana "the exclusive way" or theravadam buddhism "the tradition of the elders"the more conservative of the two and eclusive. and mayayana "the expansive way" more liberal involved in proselytizing, less exlusive

Back 19

the two major wings of buddha

Front 20

asoka and his rolew in the development of buddhism

Back 20

an emporer who was the greatest impetus in the spread of buddhism throughout india. in 247 bce he called a council to determinean authoritative list of buddhist scripture

Front 21

more conservative. believed to be the closest to the teachings of suddhatha. achieve enlightenment without the help og gods. meditation and self-denial.home is sanha. located primarily in southeat asia. yelloe robes, shaved heads, etc..

Back 21

therevada buddhism

Front 22

three principles that bagan to develop in mayana buddhism

Back 22

secret teachings. buddha was divine. thre are many buddhas

Front 23

from mayayana buddhism... like hindu avatars that come into the world to help humans. they take vows, live a good life and postpone nirvana so they can come to earth and help. seen as savior figures

Back 23

bodhisattvas

Front 24

the pure land sect of buddhism

Back 24

faith in amitabha buddha and to live a vituous life. repeating of the buddhists name was practiced and believed to result in the attainment of nirvana

Front 25

the founding of the intuitive sects (zen or chen) of buddhism

Back 25

truth found in meditation "dhyana"

Front 26

the teachingsof zen buddhism

Back 26

must come from meditation and insight. must come through the individual. study and monostatic practices are good, but truth will come from within. reason is to be distrusted. uses koans (riddles) to teach truth

Front 27

during 6th century, use of scripture and rational mind for truth. understood the buddha taught doctrines

Back 27

the ratioanilist (tendai) sect

Front 28

also called the "nicherin or sun lotus" sect. study only the lotus sutra for truth. only nicherin was teaching truth. taught japanese patriatism

Back 28

the sociopolitical sect

Front 29

manuals that teach magic

Back 29

tantras

Front 30

the distinctive features of tibetin, or tantric buddhism

Back 30

use of magical words and symbols; incantations ans spells for protection; eroticism "om, the jewel in the lotus, hum" prayer wheels

Front 31

"superior one"

Back 31

lama

Front 32

the dalai lama

Back 32

leader of the yellow hat group and ruler of tibet. spiritual and temporal leader. in exile since chinese occupation in 1959.in exile, his work was carried on in north america, india,and europe, nobel peace prize

Front 33

four buddhists festivals and holy days

Back 33

new year- 3day carnival,2 days cleansing, 1 day rededication. buddha's birthday. festival of souls- release of souls from purgatory. robe offering- missionaries under emporer asoka

Front 34

adopting more than one religion at a time

Back 34

syncretistic

Front 35

chinese traditions of multiple gods or spirits

Back 35

ancient chinese were polytheists and animistic did sacrifices to spirits of heavan and earth. also performed human sacrifices

Front 36

chinese local deities

Back 36

shen

Front 37

chinese eveil spirits

Back 37

kuei

Front 38

represents the negative, dark, cool, female, earth moon and shadows

Back 38

yin

Front 39

represents the positive, light, warm, male, dryness ans sun

Back 39

yang

Front 40

balances between two forces (chinese)

Back 40

yin and yang

Front 41

more conservative. believed to be the closest to the teachings of suddhatha. achieve enlightenment without the help og gods. meditation and self-denial.home is sanha. located primarily in southeat asia. yelloe robes, shaved heads, etc..

Back 41

therevada buddhism

Front 42

three principles that bagan to develop in mayana buddhism

Back 42

secret teachings. buddha was divine. thre are many buddhas

Front 43

from mayayana buddhism... like hindu avatars that come into the world to help humans. they take vows, live a good life and postpone nirvana so they can come to earth and help. seen as savior figures

Back 43

bodhisattvas

Front 44

the pure land sect of buddhism

Back 44

faith in amitabha buddha and to live a vituous life. repeating of the buddhists name was practiced and believed to result in the attainment of nirvana

Front 45

the founding of the intuitive sects (zen or chen) of buddhism

Back 45

truth found in meditation "dhyana"

Front 46

the teachingsof zen buddhism

Back 46

must come from meditation and insight. must come through the individual. study and monostatic practices are good, but truth will come from within. reason is to be distrusted. uses koans (riddles) to teach truth

Front 47

during 6th century, use of scripture and rational mind for truth. understood the buddha taught doctrines

Back 47

the ratioanilist (tendai) sect

Front 48

also called the "nicherin or sun lotus" sect. study only the lotus sutra for truth. only nicherin was teaching truth. taught japanese patriatism

Back 48

the sociopolitical sect

Front 49

manuals that teach magic

Back 49

tantras

Front 50

the distinctive features of tibetin, or tantric buddhism

Back 50

use of magical words and symbols; incantations ans spells for protection; eroticism "om, the jewel in the lotus, hum" prayer wheels

Front 51

the traditional chinese attitude toward parents and other ancestors

Back 51

respect and veneration of elders. after death must maintain gravesites and do proper sacrifices. elderly considered wise. living must do sacrifices to ensure that the ancestors will continue to help the family. shrines with wine and rice in homes to commemorate the dead

Front 52

(book of changes) 64 hexagons

Back 52

i ching

Front 53

was formaly a patron ancestor of the shang dynasty. was responsible for the fall of the shang dynasty, because of its immortality. introduced to the culture in 11th century ce a belief in one Supreme God.

Back 53

shang ti with the chou dynasty

Front 54

book of documents that tells how shang ti loved sacrifices, but morality was what was really important

Back 54

shu ching

Front 55

no certain bodies of doctrines or rituals; origins have been lost; little is known of its founder; more of a philosophy

Back 55

taoism

Front 56

also called li-po-yang, meaning "old boy". keeper of the records in court of chou dynasty. asked to write down all of his wisdom in this book when he tried to retire and leave

Back 56

"tao te ching"

Front 57

the theme of the tao te ching

Back 57

most influential book next to the "analects". also called "the classic of the way and its power of virtue" 5,000 words, 8 chapters of poetry

Front 58

all human achievements are folly, esp governement. thought to have been written in reaction to the legalists and confucians

Back 58

tao te ching

Front 59

collected taoist material and tried to conceive the chinese to adopt these teachings over those of confucius

Back 59

lao tzu

Front 60

four main teachings of teh early taoists

Back 60

1) tao - "the way" the world works. mysterious flow-just go with it - dont try to figure it out or work against it. 2) life is the greatest of all possessions. enrich life- dont get hung up on fleeting things such as achievement. 3) live simply 4)despise pomp and glory

Front 61

the three groups that were rivals of early taoism

Back 61

1) confuciuns- idealized the feudal system 2) legalist - called realist. strong leadership. humans are lazy and left to their own devices will do wrong. must control people 3) mohists - disciples of mo-tzu in 5thc. gov't by traditional chinese religion. should operate from a position of love. people are virtually good.

Front 62

practice of fasting and breath control. dietary regulations- some live on saliva and air alone. later, practice morality and good deeds

Back 62

toists efforts of immortality

Front 63

the first god in taoism

Back 63

alchemy- god of stove

Front 64

han dynasty

Back 64

the religion of taoism began with the use of temples and shrines

Front 65

born 551bce(6thc). probably an atheist. never tried to start a religion. famous teacher knwon as "kung the master". well educated. worked in gov't for duke of lu as a prime minister. best gov't leader of all times

Back 65

confucius

Front 66

confucius was not concerned with gods, but with what?

Back 66

society and good government

Front 67

confucius' probable beliefs abou the gods

Back 67

ok to worship god, but what was really important was a social order of equlity. prayer should not interfere with social duties. keep spirits at a distance, more intereted in ethics

Front 68

"propriety," "rites," "good manners"-towards others will result in proper functioning of society. genteel manners. an OUTWARD expression that originated from the concept of a grain of wood or pattern in jade, it is the course of life as it is intended

Back 68

the principle of li

Front 69

the five basic relationships

Back 69

1) father/son- fiial piety, kindness in father/respect in son 2)elder brother/younger brother- gentility/humility 3)husband/wife- righteousness/obedience 4) elder/junior- consideration/deference 5)ruler/subject- benevolence/loyalty

Front 70

an INWARD expression of love, goodness, humanheartedness

Back 70

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