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51 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Who is Mencius?
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After Confucius
Winning arguments, humans naturally good |
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Who is Xunzi?
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After Confucius
Humans naturally evil |
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Who is Mozi?
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Warring states period
Founded Mo-ism |
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Confucianism - key concepts?
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Humaneness
Gentleman Filial devotion Good governance |
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Mo-ism - key concepts?
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The past
Standards of judgment Universality No offensive warfare Preeminence of Heaven |
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Who is Han Feizi?
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Studied under Xunzi
Founded Legalism |
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Legalism - key concepts?
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Don't show emotions
Be empty Stay w/in your own societal role Law is the ruling force Be empty and let ideas flow to you Punishment and favor |
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Who is Laozi?
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Wrote the "Daodejing"
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Secular Daoism - key concepts?
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"the Way"
Intuition over thinking Action through inaction Labeling creates problems Dualities are necessary Submission and acceptance |
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Religious Daoism - beliefs and practices?
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Immortality
Ancestor worship The sages Meditation |
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Who is Zhuangzi?
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More argumentative than Daodejing
Free self from conventional values/ideas Uses humor, nonsense to desconstruct conventional ideas |
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"Buddha" means?
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"Enlightened"
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"Bodhisattva" means?
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A being destined for awakening
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"Arhat" means?
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Gains insight into the Dharma through another person
Doesn't stay to help others like buddhas/bodhisattvas |
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"Nirvana" means?
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Awakening/enlightenment
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"Karma" is?
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A cause of rebirth (not the only cause)
Entirely based on intentions, not the actions themselves |
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"Dharma" means?
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"Teaching" or "truth"
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"Samsara" is?
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Cycle of rebirth
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"Sangha" is?
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The Buddhist community
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The general beliefs of Buddhism are?
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The "middle way" (moderation)
The 4 noble truths Impermanence 5 precepts |
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The 4 noble truths
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Suffering
Origin of suffering Cessation of suffering Path to the cessation of suffering |
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The 4 events in the life of the Buddha
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Birth
Awakening First teaching Death |
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Mahayana Buddhism - key concepts?
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The "Great Vehicle"
Arhat no longer a worthy goal Inclusive Merit transference Devotion to advanced bodhisattvas Focused on texts |
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The Madhyamaka school
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Indian Mahayana school
Founded by Nagarjuna No duality - emptiness of all phenomenon Conventional and ultimate truth The world/nirvana is the same |
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The Yogacara school
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Indian Mahayana school
The "mind only" 3 bodies of the buddha |
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The Tathagata-garbha school
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Indian Mahayana school
Everyone has the seed of buddha-ness inside them |
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Who is Zhiyi?
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Founder of Tiantai/Tendai
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Tiantai - key concepts?
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3 levels of truth (from Madhyamaka)
Numbers/mathematics Relationship b/w the dharmas and the mind Daimoku as meditation |
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The 3 levels of truth
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Madhyamaka
Tiantai About dharmas Truth of emptiness Temporary truth Truth of the mean |
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Who is Nichiren?
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Founded Nichiren Buddhism
During a period of militaristic, rising warrior class, warlords |
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Nichiren - key concepts?
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Heavily based on Tendai
Mappo era Daimoku Dreams v. waking reality Everyone can become awakened |
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Pure Land - key concepts?
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From Madhyamaka
Cult of Amitabha Nembutsu Mappo Deathbed practices |
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What is a "Pure Land"?
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Everyone in the PL is equal
A type of expedient means Created by bodhisattvas to help others attain nirvana more quickly To get in: chant, visualize, talk about the LS No suffering No karma |
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What is the "nembutsu"?
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Praise offered to the Buddha as a devotional act
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Who is Zendo?
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Pure Land
First to suggest that recitation of Amitābha’s name could be enough to attain salvation |
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Who is Genshin?
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Pure Land
PL as a stepping stone to salvation Nembutsu not the only means to salvation |
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Who is Honen?
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Pure Land
Nembutsu is the sole path to salvation |
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Who is Shonin?
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Pure Land
Disciple of Honen Faith is the only thing necessary to get into the PL |
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Zen - history?
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Based on constructed genealogies
Legitimizes Zen |
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Zen - key concepts?
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Meditation
Non-duality Emptiness Don't rely on texts Everyone has the seed of buddhahood inside The 5 houses |
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What are the 5 houses of Zen?
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Igyo
Rinzai Soto Ummon Hogen |
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The Igyo house
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Zen
Symbols for unity/wholeness |
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The Rinzai house
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Zen
Beating/shouting Chinese tradition SatoriNo set steps toward enlightenment Individual experience |
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The Soto house
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Zen
"Farmer's Zen" Ethical precepts needed |
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The Ummon house
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Zen
Words aren't important "Cake" |
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The Hogen house
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Zen
Unrelated words Repetition |
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Satori
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Awakening
Not necessarily something you have forever, it’s an exp you can access to understand Zen |
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Zen practices?
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Zazen
Koans Tea ceremonies |
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What is "zazen"?
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Seated meditation
Purpose: to train mind, reflect, detachment |
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What are "koans"?
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Words create distinctions
Goal 1: help students think beyond distinctions Goal 2: reveal the way the mind operates "Capping phrases" |
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What is the purpose of Japanese tea ceremonies?
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Originated from the idea of living in the moment
Incorporates aspects of social hierarchy |