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77 Cards in this Set
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Agnosticism
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the belief that if there is anything beyond this life, it is impossible for humans to know it. |
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Atheism |
belief that there is no diety |
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Immanent |
present in creation |
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Monotheism |
believing in a single God |
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Myth |
a symbolic story expressing ideas about reality or spiritual history |
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Nontheistic |
perceiving spiritual reality without a personal deity or deities |
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Polytheism |
Believing in many deities |
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Theism |
believing in a god or gods |
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The sacred |
the realm of the extraordinary, beyond everyday perceptions, the supernatural, holy |
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Transcendent |
existing outside the material universe |
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Universalism |
acceptance that truth may be found in all religions; belief in the inner oneness of all religions |
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Animism |
the attribution of a soul to plants, inanimate objects, and natural phenomena. |
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Interconnectivity |
state or quality of being connected together |
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Lifeway |
an entire approach to living in which sacred and secular are not separate |
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Shamanism |
a range of traditional beliefs and practices that involve the ability to diagnose, cure, and sometimes cause human suffering by traversing the axis mundi and forming a special relationship with, or gaining control over, spirits. |
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Atman |
In hinduism, the soul |
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Bhagavad-Gita |
a portion of the hindu epic Mahabharata in which lord krishna specifies ways of spiritual progress |
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Bhakti |
in hinduism, the path of devotion |
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Brahman |
the impersonal Ultimate Principle in Hinduism |
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Brahmin |
a priest or member of the priestly caste in Hinduism |
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Dharma |
in hinduism, moral order, righteousness, religion. In Buddhism, the doctrine or law, as revealed by the Buddha; also the correct conduct for each person according to his or her level of awareness |
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Karma |
in hinduism and buddhism, our actions and their effects on the life and lives to come. |
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Mantra |
a sound or phrase chanted to evoke the sound vibration of one aspect of creation or to praise a deity |
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Moksha |
in hinduism, liberation of the soul from illusion and suffering. |
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Reincarnation |
the transmigration of the soul into a new body after death of the old body |
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Samsara |
the continual round of birth, death, and rebirth in hinduism and buddhism |
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vedas |
ancient scriptures revered by hindus |
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yoga |
a systematic approach to spiritual realization, one of the major hindu philosophical systems |
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anicca |
in Buddhism, the doctrine of impermanence, one of the basic characteristics of all existence. |
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Bodhisattva |
in mahayana buddhism, one who has attained enlightenment but renounces nirvana for the sake of helping all sentient beings in their journey to liberation from suffering. |
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Dukkha |
according to the buddha, a central fact of human life, variously translated as as discomfort, suffering, frustration, or lack of harmony with the environment |
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Koan |
in zen buddhism, a paradoxical puzzle to be solved without ordinary thinking |
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Mahayana |
the greater vehicle in buddhism, the more liberal and mystical norther school, which stressed the virtue of altruistic compassion rather than intellectual efforts at individual salvation |
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Nirvana |
in buddhism, the ultimate egoless state of bliss |
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Theravada |
the remaining orthodox school of buddhism, which adhers closely to the earliest scriptures and emphasizes individual efforts to liberate the mind from suffering |
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Zazen |
zen buddhist sitting meditation |
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anti-semitism |
prejudice against jews |
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covenant |
an agreement |
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Diaspora |
collectively, the practitioners of a faith living beyond their traditional homeland. When spelled with a capital "D" the dispersal of the jews after the babylonian exile |
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kosher |
ritually acceptable, applied to foods in jewish orthodoxy |
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messiah |
the anointed the expected king and deliverer of the jews; a term later applied by christians to jews |
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oral torah |
interpretation of written jewish law; according to verbal transitions |
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orthodox judaism |
observing the traditional rabbinical halakhah; the strictest form of judaism |
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reform judaism |
movement that began in the nineteenth century as a way of modernizing the religion and making it more accessible and open-ended |
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Shabbat (sabbath) |
a day of religious observance and abstinence from work, kept by Jews from Friday evening to Saturday evening, and by most Christians on Sunday. |
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synagogue |
a meeting place for jewish study and worship |
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Talmud |
jewish law and lore, as finally compiled in the sixth century |
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Tanakh |
the jewish scriptures |
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Torah |
the whole body of jewish teaching and law |
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baptism |
a christian sacrament by which god cleanses all sin and makes one a sharer in the divine life, and a member of Christ's body, the church. |
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crucifixion |
in roman times, the execution of a criminal by fixing him to a cross; with reference to jesus, his death of the cross, symbolic of his self sacrifice for the good of all humanity |
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eucharist |
the christian sacrament by which believers are renewed in the mystical body of christ by partaking of bread and wine, understood as his body and blood. |
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fundamentalism |
insistence on what people perceive as the historical form of their religion, in contrast to more contemporary influences. This ideal sometimes takes extreme, rigidly exclusive, or violent forms. |
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gospel |
in christianity, the good news that god has raised jesus from the dead and in so doing has begun the transformation of the world. |
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trinity |
the christian doctrine that in the one god are three divine persons, the father, the son, and the holy spirit. |
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original sin |
the christian belief that all human beings are bound together in prideful egocentricity. in the bible, this is described mythically as an act of disobedience on the part of adam and eve |
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parable |
an allegorical story |
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pope |
the bishop of rome and head of the roman catholic church |
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resurrection |
the rising of jesus in his earthly body on the first easter day, three days after his crucifixion and death |
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sacrament |
outward and visible sign of inward and spiritual grace in christanity. Almost all churches recognize baptism and the eucharist as sacraments; some churches recognized five others as well |
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allah |
the one god, in islam |
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caliph |
in sunni islam, the successor to the prophet |
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hajj |
the holy pilgrimage to Mecca, for muslims |
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hadith |
in islam, a traditional report about a reputed saying or action of the prophet muhammad |
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hijab |
the veiling of woman for the sake of modesty in islam |
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imam |
a leader of muslim prayer |
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jihad |
the muslim's struggle against the inner forces that prevent god-realization and the outer barriers to establishment of the divine order |
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Shahadah |
the central muslim expression of faith "there is no god but god" and muhammad is the messenger of god |
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cult |
any religion that focuses on worship of a particular person or deity. |
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deep ecology |
an environmental movement and philosophy that regards human life as just one of many equal components of a global ecosystem. |
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exclusivism |
the idea that one's own religion is the only valid way |
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globalization |
the tendency of businesses, technologies, or philosophies to spread throughout the world, or the process of making this happen. The global economy is sometimes referred to as a globality, characterized as a totally interconnected marketplace, unhampered by time zones or national boundaries. |
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inclusivism |
the idea that all religions can be accommodated within one religion |
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interfaith dialogue |
appreciative communication between people of different religions |
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pluralism |
an appreciation of the diversity of religions |
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sect |
a subgroup within a larger tradition |
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universalism |
acceptance that truth may be found in all religions; belief in the inner oneness of all religions |