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42 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back

Islam is:

Peace achieved through submission of God

Tawhit

The absolute oneness of God (Aspiring $ violates Tal-hid, you're giving money power) Theological and spiritual principle.

The 5 pillars that relate to Tawhit

It constitutes a muslim's daily life.




1. Creed


2. Worship


3. Charity


4. Fasting


5. Pilgrimage

Creed:

Bare witness to prophecy (Muhammed). Act of baring witness (conclusion that there is a God) and act of having faith (involves a leap of faith)



Worship:

Required 5 times a day. Proving that it won't consume you.

Charity:

Required to give back to poor, you let go of money.

Fasting:

abstain from bad deeds during ramadan, (you command your body) Islamic calendar operates on a lunar calendar. --> enhances focus on god, creates a sense of unity within muslims, helps you remain humble

Pilgrimage:

Once in a lifetime, one must go to Mecca.

Hadge:

Pilgrimage

Quran:

Muslim holy text that the literal word of god. it can be translated. It is the 1st source of Hadge

Philosophy:

The systematic study of being, knowledge and life.




Ex: love, you just know it.

Epistemology:

The study of knowledge, knowledge occurs through cause (systematic)

Methaphysics:

The systematic study of being. The primary mover, motion defines change.

Logic:

Systematic study of statement or preposition. If the premise is true, statement must be coherant, cogent, and rigorous.

Apriori:

Learned by definition, before experience




Example: 2+2=4 ... you can't change it.

Aposteori:

Logical truths after experience.




Ex: Sun will rise tomorrow

Aesthetics:

The systematic study of beauty.


(Is beauty seen by society or by nature?)

Ethics:

The systematic study of morality

Sharia:

Islamic "law" Not written by the state, but executed by the state. It developed organically. It is a discussion about what is an appropriate way to do things as a muslim. (It is God's Law, only God Knows it)

Fiqh:

Sharia is the perfect law known by God. Fiqh is the imperfect human understanding of the perfect law/sharia. (Must constantly work on your understanding of the sharia, discover laws as human beings.)

usul al Fiqh: The source of Fiqu. (4)

1. Quran


2. Sunna


3. Ijma


4. Qiyas

Sunna:

The actions and sayings of the prophet- constitute an important institution and tradition in muslim society. was composed of pre-islamic traditions that the Arabs used to guide their own behavior and to determine right from wrong. Personifies the Quran, living it out.

Ijma

Consensus to the community

Qiyas:

analogical reasoning.

Fitrah:

The human being's innate nature. the inherent disposition toward God. Discover law as human beings.

Muhammed:

Is the messenger of God, " I have faith, there's faith in God, do not chase it."

Sufficient condition: Is heat a sufficient condition for fire?

no

Necessary condition: Is heat a necessary condition for fire?

yes

Muslims

Are Diverse, Heavy concentration in Africa and South Asia.


Largest Muslim country is Indonesia

Arab

Is an ethnicity.

Arabic

is the liturgical language of Islam

Tradition/ Culture

entails who we are and is en-rooted in us. It is pervasive and eubiquitous. It is the Meta Institution. We derive our behavior, and we re-inforce our culture.


Accumulation of meta institutions determine actions and behaviors

Institution

Socially generated rules that govern our behavior such as marriage.

Allah

The one and only God

Intention: (Niyaa)

It proceeds everything. Essential in the 5 pillars of Tawhid. Determines the nature of the act.

Jihad (to struggle)

Struggling for improvement, for the moral good.

Orient

East

Orientalism

-The perennial study of the Middle East


-Reinforces the idea that the east and west are two different things, and they're real (DNA and conceptually.. etc)


-Corporate Institution for dealing with the orient (various things come together to form a body ex: media, academy, university)




The media deals with certain images that reinforce each other.




Orientalism reinforces the differences between people.



Perceptions of the East

It is highly sexualized


Or a place that never changes (spirituality) non industrializes

Edward Said

Orientalist scholar.

Rationality

Basis of logic (consistent use of language in a reasonable way) and experience

Civilization

possible when we posses enough material security to reflect on our existence and to produce thought, culture and social norms. Congruency between different languages and cultures.