Rehs

Front 1

Flu like symptoms lead to Encephalitis

Back 1

WNV

Front 2

Inf Agent

Back 2

Flavivirus Spp

Front 3

Reservior:

Transmission:

Back 3

- crosw/blue jays, humans are dead end hosts

- many species of mosq

Front 4

During the mosquito disease transmission the virus must _____________

Back 4

Infect the mosq Gut, then Body cavity, and then propagate the inf agent; finally must infect salivary glands and corries into bite

Front 5

_____ does NOT infect mosquito cells and does Not propagate in the mosquito

Back 5

HIV

Front 6

Only _______ feed on blodd

Back 6

Females

Front 7

Mosquito Life cycle (First Stage)

Back 7

Egg- Larvae- Pupae- Adult (only Larvae/Pupae breathe air)

Front 8

During Summer approx ____ to ____ days from egg to adult

Back 8

10 - 14 days

Front 9

Mosquito Life cycle (2nd Stage) example

Back 9

Anoheles (Genus); Malaria Mosq; Adult Female (Overwintering Stage); single eggs on water (egg laying site)

Front 10

Most mosq larvae breath through spiracles on ____ abdominal segment to the water surface

Back 10

8th

Front 11

Best way to control mosq, i.e. dispose of old tires, drain buckets, drain wetlands

Back 11

Physical controls

Front 12

e.g. mosq-eating fish such as Gambusia, BTI (parasitic bact feeds on larvae)

Back 12

Biological control

Front 13

use of natural and synthetic chemicals

Back 13

chemical control

Front 14

When larvae are Concentrated, Immobile, Accessible: this is why larviciding is so important

Back 14

CIA Principle

Front 15

Best method of Active mosq control: tx breading sites, catch basins, still waters

Back 15

Larviciding

Front 16

Stops maturation

Back 16

Juvenile hormoses

Front 17

best used for control of disease: kills infected mosq

Back 17

Adulticide

Front 18

Ultra Low Volume (ULV) fogger used for _______

Back 18

Ground Adulticiding

Front 19

-ULV creates cloud of 7-22u size droplets

-uses only a few oz or less per acre

-highly effective

-must be justified by _______

Back 19

Surveillance

Front 20

Surveillance is very important to calibrate mosq control ops; e.g. inspection/dipping of water impoundments will determine if they are sources of ________

Back 20

mosquitoes

Front 21

adult mosq traps can be used to detrmine "______" for adult spraying

Back 21

action thresholds

Front 22

Mosquito Traps: Which catches Culex when they attempt to lay thier eggs

Back 22

Gravid Trap

Front 23

Mosquito Traps: Which is the most commonly used trap (mosq attracted to light)

Back 23

(New Jersy) NJ light trap

Front 24

1. Dawn

2. Dusk

3. Dress

4. Deet

5. Drain

Back 24

5 D's of Mosquito Prevention

Front 25

Evidence indicates these are NOT effective for Mosq Control

Back 25

- Anti-mosq plants

- Buzzers

- Purple Martin Birds (they are day-flying birds!)

- Bat Houses (remember rabies)

- Bug zappers

- "New" CO2 traps

Front 26

Flea Biology: Adults feed on Blood; larvae feed on _______ found in carpeting

Back 26

Detritus (Non-living particulate organic material)

Front 27

Flea pupae can survive for weeks and _____

Back 27

months

Front 28

In homes the flea is associated with pets or _____

Back 28

Wild mammals in an attic

Front 29

Most common species of flea; prefers to bite dogs or cats

Back 29

Cat flea

Front 30

What flea is much rarer in the US than cat flea

Back 30

Human flea

Front 31

Flea Control

Back 31

Tx by VETS is best

Front 32

More Flea control

Back 32

-removal of wild animals

-cleaning/vacuuming carpet

-spot tx of areas where fleas may breed

-use of precor

Front 33

Types of Flea Zoonotic Disease

Back 33

- Plague (Western US ground squirrels

- Flea-borne Typhus Fever or Murine Typhus (louse borne as well but rare)

- Tapeworms (by ingestion)

- Flea bite Allergy

Front 34

Bubonic Plague (Black Plague) is transmitted to humans by the bite of a flea infected w/ _____ located on a ground squirrel/rodent

Back 34

Yersinia pestis (Y. pestis) NOT- Yersinoisis

Front 35

Transmission bite of infected Xenopsylla cheopis flea

Back 35

Black plague

Front 36

P2P inhalation of contaminated droplets

Back 36

Pneumonic Plague

Front 37

Black plague reservior

Back 37

wild rodents especially ground squirrels

Front 38

50-60% untreated case mortality

Back 38

Black (Bubonic) Plague

-12 cases per yr US; World 1-3K

Front 39

Murine Typhus or Endemis Typhus: similar to but milder thanlouse-borne typhus

Back 39

Rickettsia typhi

Front 40

R. typhi Reservior

Back 40

rats/mice

Front 41

R. typhi transmission

Back 41

infected rat fleas (usually X. cheopis)

Front 42

Important Tick Species

Back 42

-Deer tick: Lyme

-American Dog Tick: RMSF/Tularemia

-Lone Star Tick: Ehrlichiosis/Tularemia

Front 43

Dermacentor (wood/Amer Dog) Tick

Back 43

Rocky Mt. Spotted Fever

Front 44

Ixodes (Deer/Blacklegged) Tick

Back 44

Lyme Disease

Front 45

Amblyomma americanum (lone star tick)

Back 45

Ehrlichiosis

Front 46

Dermacentor (Amer Dog tick)

A. americanum (lone star tick)

Back 46

Tularemia (Francisella tularensis)

Front 47

Ticks as Vecotrs: Ticks transmit

Back 47

Bacteria

Protozoa

Front 48

Ticks do Not transmit

Back 48

viruses

Front 49

RMSF Infective Agent

Back 49

Rickettsia (R.) rickettsea

Front 50

RMSF Transmission Tick

Back 50

Dermacentor spp. (wood tick or Amer Dog Tick)

by tick fluids, crushed tick tissues/feces

Front 51

RMSF reservoir

Back 51

rodents (of R. rickettsea)

Front 52

Presents as rash and joint pain

-difficult to dx

- untx case fatality rate 13-25%

Back 52

RMSF

Front 53

RMSF population at risk

Back 53

children under 10 yrs

-males over 40ost lethal and most frequent yrs

-native americans

-frequent exposure to dogs with access to wooded areas

Front 54

Most lethal and most frequently reported rickettsial illness in the US

Back 54

RMSF

Front 55

Most cases in S. Atlantic region

-North Carolina

-Oklahoma

Very few cases in Rock Mtns

Back 55

Rocky MT Spot Fever