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15 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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2 types of genes |
Constitutive genes Regulated genes |
-coding for basic cellular functions -House keeping genes |
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Methods of regulation |
Translational Post - Translational |
Gene SARS, HITE AS, RE |
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Induction & Repression |
Concept of OPERON, E. Coli, J & M, different media growth |
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Lac Operon |
# Of Lactose metabolism # 3 structural genes ( Z, Y & A) # Regulator gene # Promoter & Operator Areas |
Z - B galactosidase for metabolism Y - Permease for increasing permeability of glucose A - Thiogalactosidase Transacetylation |
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Mechanism of Lac Operon |
I gene continuously expresses, Lac Repressor protein, inhibition |
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Role of Catabolite Activator Protein |
RNA-P only attaches when CAP-cAMP complex is available |
cAMP accumulates only when bacteria starves |
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Regulation of Repressor in Humans |
Heme acts as co-Repressor for ALA Synthase |
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HRE (Hormone Response Elements) |
Steroid hormones bind to cytoplasmic receptors, DNA, activates Promoters, accelerates transcription |
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Cis & Trans acting elements |
DNA & Protein |
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Gene switching |
Eg. Fetal life & Hb Eg. Immune response |
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Gene silencing |
Transcriptional & Post Transcriptional |
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Gene amplification |
By repeated initiation of DNA synthesis |
Eg of drug resistance in case of Methotrexate |
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Epigenetics |
Chemical changes in DNA or associated proteins, without affecting DNA sequence Reversible, Heritable |
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Methods to detergent epigenetic modifications |
PCR ChIP |
DNA, Histone |
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Gene rearrangement |
Different segments in different combinations |
Single Ig gene |
