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50 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
T/F multicellular organisms also use cell division to repair and renew cells that die
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true
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A cell's genetic information, packaged as DNA is called its
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genome
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in porkaryotes the genome is a . .
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single long DNA moleucule
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in eukaryotes the genome consists of
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several DNA moleucles
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Human somatic cells have how many chromosomes?
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46
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Human gametes have how many chromosomes?
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23
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During animal cell cytokinesis what forms where the cell pinchest into two by a ring of actin micorfilaments
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cleavage furrow
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Kinetochores of joined sister chromatids face in what direction?
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opposite
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During the latter stages of prophase some spindle microtubules attach to what?
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kinetochores
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T/F spindle fibers shorten during anaphase fromthe end attached to the centrosome not the chromosome
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false it shortens from the end attached to the chromosome not the centrosome
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Prokayrotes repoduce by binary fission or mitosis?
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binary fission
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in. . . . . . , relipcated chromsomes are attached to the nulcear envelope
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dinoflagellates
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cyclic changes cause the cell cycle to. .
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act as a clock with cell division occuring at regular intervals
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During the latter stages of prophase some spindle microtubules attach to what?
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kinetochores
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T/F spindle fibers shorten during anaphase fromthe end attached to the centrosome not the chromosome
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false it shortens from the end attached to the chromosome not the centrosome
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Prokayrotes repoduce by binary fission or mitosis?
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binary fission
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in. . . . . . , relipcated chromsomes are attached to the nulcear envelope
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dinoflagellates
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cyclic changes cause the cell cycle to. .
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act as a clock with cell division occuring at regular intervals
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During the latter stages of prophase some spindle microtubules attach to what?
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kinetochores
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T/F spindle fibers shorten during anaphase fromthe end attached to the centrosome not the chromosome
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false it shortens from the end attached to the chromosome not the centrosome
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Prokayrotes repoduce by binary fission or mitosis?
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binary fission
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in. . . . . . , relipcated chromsomes are attached to the nulcear envelope
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dinoflagellates
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cyclic changes cause the cell cycle to. .
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act as a clock with cell division occuring at regular intervals
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There are three cirical chekc points for the cell cycle:
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M, G1 and G2
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A cell that receives a proper signal at the _______ checkpoint will usually complete the cycle and divid
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G1
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If a cell does not receive the proper signal at the G1 checkpoint it will leave the cell cycle and enter what is called
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G0 or a non dividng cycle
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what is one key type of molecule that is important in cell cycle regulation that activate or inactivate other enzymes
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cyclin-dependent kinases
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Cyclin-dependent kinases are in constant or fluctuateable amounts through the cycle
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constant
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Kinetochores not yet attached to spindle microtubules appear to create a protein that prevents a complex of proteins from doing what?
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breaking down cyclins and inactivating the proteins holding the sister chromatids together
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what divides rapidly and invade other tissues, disrupting the normal functioing of various organs, often have abnormalities and cord out cells that do act normally
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cancer cells
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T/F we may have many cancer cells in our lifetime
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true but our immune system often detects thema nd removes them
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when cancer cells evade detection by the immune system they can form a
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benign tumor
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when cancer cells spread to other tissues and organs they form secondary tumors and are called
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malignant
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What are the 4 phases of mitosis?
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prophase, metaphase, anaphase and telophase
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What is the first phase of mitosis?
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prophase
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What is the second phase of mitosis?
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metaphase
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What is the thrid phase of mitosis
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anaphase
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waht is the fourth phase of mitosis?
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telophase
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Which of the phases of mitosis loses the nucleolus and nuclear membrane allowing the chromosomes to migrate around cell
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prophase
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Which of the phases of mitosis is where the mitotic spindle begins to form and composed of centorsomes and microtubules
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Prophase
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The assmebly of spindle microtubules start in the. .. . .
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centrosome
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centrosome has a pair of . . . . in the center that direct the production of microtubules called . . . and . . . .
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centrioles, asters and spindle fibers
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Which of the phases of mitosis where chromosomes move up and line up in the equator
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metaphase
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Which of the phases of mitosis where microtubules form poles. Microtubules from each pole attach to different kinetechores
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metaphase
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Which of the phases of mitosis is wehre microtubules push chromatids until arranged at the metaphase plate
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metaphse
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Which of the phases of mitosis is wehre centromere start to divide into two parts each part attached to a sister chromatid
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anaphase
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Which of the phases of mitosis is where two groups of chromatids reach opposite poles
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telophase
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Which of the phases of mitosis is where cells begin to elongate as free spindle fibers from each centrosome push off each other
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telophase
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Which of the phases of mitosis is where cytokinesis usually beings
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telophase
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what is the divison of cytoplasm
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cytokinesis
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