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14 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Arabian Peninsula
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a desert land lacking in rivers and lakes
where Arabs lived east of Egypt, North of the Arabian Sea, and West of Persia People got water from Oases (only rained a couple times a year) |
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sheikh
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tribe ruler who was chosen from one of the leading families by the council of elders
His duties are to: Lead the tribe from place to place in search of water/food Be the Chief defender of the tribe - responsible for defending the tribe from all internal and external enemies And to give laws - he handles all disputes and hands out justice |
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Makkah
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place where the Kwaba was built (a house of worship) whose cornerstone was a sacred stone - the Black Stone.
one of the two holy Islamic cities birth-place of Muhammad/where Islam began In modern-day Saudi Arabia Revered for association with Abraham |
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Allah
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"the God" - Arab supreme god
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Muhammad
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born in Makkah to a merchant family
His mother died when he was 11 months old and his dad died before he was 5, making him an orphan. He then wandered the desert for 3 days until he was found by his relatives and raised by his uncle (a merchant family) Born 570 Prophet and founder of Islam Said to have been given revelations from God from the archangel Gabriel in a mountain. Spent 23 years writing down Gabriel's message (and memorizing) 622 - elites of Mecca tried to kill him for his teachings (after 3 years of preaching - he only had 30 followers though) and Muhammad fled to Medina (this flight is known as Hijrah) Taught 8 years here before organizing an army of 10,000 and coming back to Mecca (who surrendered) |
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Khadija
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wife of Muhammad
Also Muhammad's employer |
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Quran
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holy text of Islam
revelations of Muhammad contains ethical guidelines and laws that followers of Allah live by |
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Islam
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means peace through the submission to the will of Allah
practicers called Muslims Monotheistic - Allah Prophet/Founder = Muhammad |
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Muslims
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people who practice Islam
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Madinah
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"city of the prophet"
other holy city of Islam where Muhammad and his followers moved after being chased out of Makkah |
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Hijrah
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the journey that Muhammad and his followers made to Madinah
Happened in AD 622 - year 1 in the Islam calendar |
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Bedouins
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Arabs and people in Madinah who followed Muhammad
came together to form the first community of practicing Muslims |
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hajj
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pilgrimage to Makkah that Muslims are encouraged to make
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shari'ah
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Muslim code of law
provides believers of practical laws to regulate their daily lives based on interpretations of Quran and example set by Muhammad regulates family life, business practice, government, and moral conduct. Does not separate religious matters from civil or political matters |
