Redmond Vocab - Chapter 2, Section 2

Front 1

Nile

Back 1

Begins in Africa and goes 4000 miles northward - the longest river in the world.
Split into two branches - Upper Egypt (at the southern end) and Lower Egypt (at the northern end). The split forms a triangular territory; the delta.
Made natural barriers (used for protection)
Fastest way to travel

Front 2

Upper Egypt

Back 2

The land upstream, at the southern end of the Nile.
Where important cities were developed (at the tip of the delta).

Front 3

Lower Egypt

Back 3

The area downstream at the northern end of the Nile

Front 4

Menes

Back 4

(Where Egyptian history begins - 3100 BC)
This king united the villages of Upper Egypt and Lower Egypt, which created the first Egyptian dynasty.

Front 5

dynasty

Back 5

a family of rulers whose right to rule is passed on within the family

Front 6

pharaoh

Back 6

(originally meant "great house" or "palace")
Powerful rulers over a unified state which had complete and unlimited power

Front 7

bureaucracy

Back 7

administrative organizations with officials and regular procedures

Front 8

vizier

Back 8

"steward of the whole land"
in charge of government bureaucracy

Front 9

mummification

Back 9

process of slowly drying a dead body to prevent it from rotting

Front 10

Giza

Back 10

Great Pyramid of Giza built there. Was under rule of King Khufu around 2540 BC

Front 11

Hyksos

Back 11

group from western Asia that used horse-drawn war carriers
Invaded Egypt

Front 12

Akhenaten

Back 12

Pharaoh who changed Egypt from a polytheistic religion to monotheistic by sealing off the temples. Father of Tutankhuman

Front 13

Tutankhuman

Back 13

Son of Akhenaten. After he took over as pharaoh, he undid everything his father had done.

Front 14

Ramses II

Back 14

reigned from 1279-1213 BC
war hungry
under his control, Palestine was taken over

Front 15

Cleopatra VII

Back 15

Person who tried to make Egypt independent after many years of being taken over
Later, committed suicide

Front 16

hieroglyphics

Back 16

Egyptian system of writing created by priests

Front 17

hieratic script

Back 17

simpler form of hieroglyphics

Front 18

hatshepsut

Back 18

first woman to become pharaoh
filled the spot in for her nephew because he was too young