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28 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Big Picture Concepts from 1914 to the Present
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Nationalism, Self-determination, Convergence vs. separation of cultures, Globalizaton, Population growth, Resource use
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Global impact of European rivalries
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Most of world colonized (or at one time) by Europe so connected to its instability
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Purpose of forming alliances
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To try and keep the balance of power in check
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Triple Alliance
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1880s
Germany, Austria-Hungary, Italy |
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Triple Entente
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1907
Britain, France, Russia |
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Schlieffen Plan
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Germany's plan for a swift attack on France through Belgium in the event of war
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Archduke Franz Ferdinand
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Austria-Hungary made visit to Sarajevo, Bosnian capital, in 1914 due to nationalist tensions & was assassinated
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Gavrilo Princip
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Serbian nationalist who assassinated Archduke Ferdinand & sparked declarations of war
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Allies
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Britain, France, Russia, Japan, Italy (1915), US (1917)
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Isolationism
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US policy focusing on internal affairs & declaring neutrality from war
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Sparks for US Involvement in WWI
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Sinking of The Lusitania by a German submarine
German attacks on US merchant ships in attempts to cut off shipments to Britain Zimmerman telegram |
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Zimmerman Telegram
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Secret messages from Germans to Mexico suggesting they join forces
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April 2, 1917
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US joins war on Allies side
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November 11, 1918
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Germany & Central Powers give up
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Consequences of WWI
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8.5 million soldiers killed, millions of civilian casualties, government price controls, rations, women in factories, start of women's suffrage movement
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Treaty of Versailles
(1919) |
Official end to WWI but caused widespread economic problems & resentment in Germany
Forced Germany to pay war reparations, release territory, downsize its military Divided Austria-Hungary & created new nations (Czechoslovakia) |
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President Wilson's Fourteen Points
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Wilson's proposed plan for future peace and a workable balance of power (*NOT incorporated into Treaty of Versailles)
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League of Nations
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A joint council of nations proposed in Wilson's "Fourteen Points" that would establish international laws & accepted standards of fairness
Failed because nations refused to join, including US (b/c congress wouldn't approve it) |
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Russian Revolution
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High casualties & food shortages led to Czar Nicholas abdicating the throne, replaced with provisional gvt under Kerensky
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soviets
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Local councils that represented the interests of workers, peasants, and soldiers and shared power with the provisional gvt; Wanted to end suffering from war
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Russia's Provisional Government
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Ineffectual, affirmed natural rights, wanted to continue war with Germany against wishes of soviets
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Bolsheviks
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Russian socialist party led by Lenin who took command of the government
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Vladimir Lenin
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Marxist leader who mobilized support, issued April Theses, nationalized Russia's assets & industries
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April Theses
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Lenin's issued demand for peace, land for peasants, and power to the soviets
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Treaty of Brest-Litovsk
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Russian armistice with Germany (lost land) & Russia dropped out of WWI
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Red Army
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Bolshevik's military force under command of Trotsky, which put down counterrevolutionary revolts
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Mustafa Kemal
aka Ataturk ("Father of the Turks") |
Led successful military campaigns against the Greeks, overthrew the Ottoman sultan, 1st president of modern Turkey
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Significant changes in Turkey made by Ataturk
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Secularized the nation, Latin alphabet, parliamentary system, Western legal code
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