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10 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
dimensions along which the different approaches can be compared
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reading material, skills instruction, word-recognition instruction, ability grouping, assessment, student-centered orientation, the active/constructive nature of teaching, and integrating reading and writing/the other language arts/and the curriculum as a whole
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the critical importance of both success and appropriate challenges
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The best learning occurs when learners experience a great deal of success and are also appropriately challenged to succeed
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traditional instructional principles
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focusing on academically relevant material, employing active teaching, fostering active learning, distinguishing instruction from practice, providing feedback, and teaching for transfer
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attribution theory and passive failure
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Attribution theory stresses that learners can contribute their performance to forces outside of their control or to forces they can control and that successful learners see their performance as something they control. Passive failure describes the situation in which because of repeated failure students come to attribute their performance to forces they cannot control.
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grouping strategies
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ways of organizing students for classroom activities. Important considerations when grouping include using different and appropriate types of groups for different purposes and avoiding relegating students to low groups from which they are unlikely to escape.
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literate environment
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intellectual, emotional, and physical attributes of a classroom that make it a good and safe place to do the things one needs to do to learn to read and write
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four major periods of reading instruction
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the colonial period and the 19th century: 1600 to about 1900; the period when basal readers dominated: about 1910 to about 1985; the period during which basal readers were challenged: about 1985 to the late 1990s; a period of growing consensus: the late 1990s to the present
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cognitive perspectives of reading instruction
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scaffolding, the zone of proximal development, the gradual release of responsibility model, cognitive modeling, teaching for understanding, and cooperative learning
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three current approaches to reading instruction
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traditional-basal approaches, literature-based approaches, and whole-language approaches
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the approach represented in Teaching Reading in the 21st Century
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a balanced approach that draws from the three approaches noted above, and more importantly provides students with well-rounded and multi-faceted instruction and rich and varied experiences that lead to critical literacy
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