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19 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Nucleon |
Neutrons and protons |
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Nuclide |
A species of atom characterized by the make up of it's nucleus (Z number nutrons (N) and energy content) |
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Isotope |
Same number of protons but different number of nutrons |
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Mass-energy equivalency concept (e=mc2) |
Mass and energy are interchangeable/the mass of an object depends on it's speed |
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Mass defect |
Total mass of an atom is less than the sum of the masses of the individual protons and nutrons |
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Binding energy |
The energy equivalent of mass defect |
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Binding energy per nucleon |
Total binding energy of a nucleus divided by total number of nucleons |
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Fission |
Splitting of a nucleus into At least 2 smaller nuclei with a release of energy |
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Criticality |
The condition in which the nutrons produced by fission are equal to the number of nutrons in the previous generation |
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The effective multiplication constant |
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Terrestrial radiation |
Radiation from Earth and soil 18 mrem yr Uranium& thoruim |
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Cosmic radiation |
Radiation from space 30 mrem yr |
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Internal emitters |
Radiation from the body 30 mrem yr |
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Inhaled radionuclides |
Radioactivity of the air 229 mrem yr Radon rn220 |
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Nuclear fallout |
Debris that settles to the Earth from a nuclear blast Less than 1 mrem yr |
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Medical exposures |
X-rays dentist cat scan 300 mrem yr |
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Consumer products |
Smoke alarms radium watches ect 12 mrem yr |
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Nuclear facilities |
Less than 1 mrem a year |
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How is n:p ratio realated to nuclear stability |
As Z number (protons) increase above 20 n:p ratio increases untill z=83(bismuth) where n:p ratio required for stability exceeds 1.5 to 1 |
