Rcis Certification Review

Front 1

What is the formula for calculating Cardiac Output?

Back 1

C0=HR x SV

Front 2

Stroke volume is related to preload or afterload?

Back 2

Preload. Stroke volume is intrinsically controlled by preload (the degree to which the ventricles are stretched prior to contracting).

Front 3

Preload is most impacted by: increased filling volumes, mead arterial pressure, or ejection fraction?

Back 3

Increased filling volumes

Front 4

What is preload?

Back 4

Preload is the degree to which the ventricles are stretched prior to contracting.

Front 5

What is Afterload?

Back 5

Afterload is the amount of resistance the heart must overcome to open the aortic valve and push the blood volume out into the systemic circulation.

Front 6

How would chronic, untreated hypertension affect afterload?

Back 6

It would cause it to be increased.

Front 7

Vascular resistance/pressure is most influenced by what?

Back 7

Radius of the vessel.

Front 8

What is the formula for blood pressure?

Back 8

BP=CO x SVR

Front 9

What is pulse pressure?

Back 9

Pulse pressure is the difference between the systolic and diastolic pressure readings. It is measured in millimeters of mercury (mmHg). It represents the force that the heart generates each time it contracts.

Front 10

What component of Pulmonary Capillary Wedge Pressure indicates Mitral Insufficiency?

Back 10

The v Wave

Front 11

An elevated RVEDP is found in what pathology?

Back 11

RV Infarct

Front 12

If the RA waveform is 2x the normal value, where would this be demonstrated in the physical assessment?

Back 12

JVD

Front 13

What is the most common cause of Pulmonic Stenosis?

Back 13

Congenital

Front 14

The blue proximal port of the swan is located how far from the distal tip of the swan?

Back 14

30cm

Front 15

When performing a thermodilution cardiac output, where does the operator inject 10ml of saline and where is the temperature changed measured?

Back 15

The operator injects 10ml of saline into the RA and the temperature change is measured in the PA.

Front 16

After the transducer is zeroed it falls off the side of the table to the floor. The pressure being read off the transducer is now reading higher or lower?

Back 16

Higher

Front 17

What is pulsus paradoxus?

Back 17

an abnormally large decrease in systolic blood pressure and pulse wave amplitude during inspiration.

Front 18

What is pulsus paradoxus a sign of?

Back 18

Cardiac Tamponade

Front 19

What are signs of LV failure?

Back 19

Orthopnea, Pulmonary congestion, decreased exercise tolerance

Front 20

Equalization of RVEDP and LVEDP are found in what?

Back 20

Restrictive Pericarditis

Front 21

What is a sign of Right Sided Heart Failure?

Back 21

JVD, pitting edema

Front 22

Radiolucent means what?

Back 22

X-RAYS are permitted to pass through

Front 23

Radiopaque means what?

Back 23

X-RAYS are not permitted to pass through

Front 24

How does reopro work?

Back 24

Reopro to the intact platelet GPIIb/IIIa receptor, which is a member of the integrin family of adhesion receptors and the major platelet surface receptor involved in platelet aggregation.

Front 25

Heparin potentiates the action of what?

Back 25

Antithrombin

Front 26

Fibrinogen is converted to Fibrin by the action of what?

Back 26

Thrombin

Front 27

How many pathways are there to initiate the clotting cascade?

Back 27

two

Front 28

How does aspirin work?

Back 28

Inhibits the release of Arachadonic acid

Front 29

If a patient has diabetes and renal failure with a creatinine of 2.0 what would you give?

Back 29

Fluids to hydrate

Front 30

If a patient is taking NPH insulin, which medication should not be given?

Back 30

Protamine

Front 31

Which medication is most commonly given with SVT?

Back 31

Adenosine

Front 32

An elevated PCWP, orthopnea, increased LVEDP, decreased O2 sat are sins of which side heart failure.

Back 32

Left sided Heart Failure

Front 33

How would you monitor heparin therapy if ACT is unavailable?

Back 33

PTT

Front 34

Prior to mitral valvuloplasty, a TEE is performed to identify what contraindication?

Back 34

Atrial thrombus

Front 35

What is pulsus alterans, and what does it indicate?

Back 35

Pulsus alternans is a physical finding with arterial pulse waveform showing alternating strong and weak beats. It is almost always indicative of left ventricular systolic impairment (Left Sided Heart Failure).

Front 36

When considering FFR, a significant stenosis (>70%) may yield an FFR >0.80 if there is significant collateral flow to the vessel. True or false?

Back 36

True

Front 37

When considering FFR: values greater than 0.75 - 0.80 indicate a non-significant stenosis and lower values indicate a significant stenosis. True or false?

Back 37

True

Front 38

What is the definition of FFR?

Back 38

The pressure after (distal to) a stenosis relative to the pressure before the stenosis.

FFR = Pd/Pa ( Pd = pressure distal to the lesion, Pa = pressure proximal to the lesion)

Front 39

When interpreting FFR, an FFR of 0.80 means the stenosis causes how much drop in blood pressure distal to the lesion?

Back 39

20%

Front 40

What is the most common cause of renal artery stenosis?

Back 40

atherosclerosis

Front 41

The fossa ovalis is located where?

Back 41

Between the right atrium and left atrium.

Front 42

What is the head hunter catheter used to visualize?

Back 42

Left and right ICA and ECA

Front 43

The Amplatzer is used for what?

Back 43

To close a PFO

Front 44

The Eustachion valve is located where?

Back 44

Between the inferior vena cava and the right atrium.

Front 45

Does myocardial contractile force (dp/dt) increase or decrease when the heart rate slows?

Back 45

Increases

Front 46

If the heart rate slows, does the stroke volume increase or decrease?

Back 46

Increases

Front 47

Where should the IABP be placed?

Back 47

Above the renal arteries and below the left subclavian artery

Front 48

What is the best catheter to cross a stenotic aortic valve?

Back 48

AL2

Front 49

Where is the site of a myxoma?

Back 49

Left Atrium

Front 50

What does the ABI measure?

Back 50

The difference between brachial and ankle systemic blood pressure.

Front 51

What is the recommended rate of Burr Rotation when using a Rotoblador?

Back 51

160,000 to 210,000

Front 52

What is a common complication of a rotoblador?

Back 52

Distal embolization

Front 53

What is the purpose of the IABP?

Back 53

Increases coronary artery perfusion, decrease afterload

Front 54

When do the coronary arteries perfuse?

Back 54

Diastole

Front 55

If the patient complains of pain down the leg when attempting to puncture the femoral artery, which way do you move the needle?

Back 55

Medial

Front 56

What are the landmarks for the internal jugular approach?

Back 56

Head of the sternocleidomastoid muscle and the clavicular head

Front 57

In relation to a coronary lesion, where should the wire be placed?

Back 57

3-4cm distal

Front 58

A catheter is 2.66cm. What French size is it?

Back 58

8Fr

(.33cm per French size)

Front 59

What hemodynamic finding do you have with Left Heart Failure?

Back 59

Elevated pulmonary pressures

Front 60

Acute pulmonary edema occurs with inadequate emptying of what?

Back 60

Left ventricle

Front 61

Proper IABP setting should result in an arterial pressure showing what?

Back 61

systolic decrease and diastolic increase

Front 62

What is the normal rate of travel for an automated IVUS pullback?

Back 62

0.5-1 mm/sec

Front 63

A VSD develops in your adult STEMI pt. this shunt will normally be:

Back 63

L-R and the pt. will be acyanotic or pink

Front 64

During heart catheterization cyanotic cardiac shunts show what?

Back 64

A stepdown in 02 sat on the left side of the heart

Front 65

What is a transseptal catheter which is introduced over the wire?

Back 65

A Brockenbrough catheter

Front 66

What is the formula for pulmonary vascular resistance?

Back 66

mPA - PCWP / CO x 80

Front 67

What is the formula for systemic vascular resistance?

Back 67

MAP - CVP / CO x 80

Front 68

What are Hybrid Reference Units (HRU)?

Back 68

Hybrid reference units, or wood units, refers to a ratio of a pressure difference to the cardiac output, where the pressures are measured in units of millimetres of mercury (mm[Hg]) and the cardiac output is measured in units of litres per minute (L/min).

Front 69

What are Absolute Resistance Units (ARU)?

Back 69

Absolute Resistance Units also refer to a ratio of a pressure difference to the cardiac output and are reported in Dynes/sec/cm5.

Hybrid Reference Units are converted to Absolute Resistance Units by multiplying the result by 80.