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16 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
least damaging time to graze
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-dormant season
-except for shrubs -plant not actively photosynthesizing, won't try to regrow |
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time to graze that has intermediate negative effect
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-when plants initiate growth
-actively growing, has significant demand for photosynthetic material -conditions for growth optimal |
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most damaging time to graze
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-flower initiation through seed development
-demand for soluble CHOs high -less favorable conditions for active photosyntheses |
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grazing system
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-controlled grazing management practices that manipulate livestock
-systematically control periods of grazing and rest or deferment |
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rest
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a period of non-grazing for a full year
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deferment
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a delay of grazing or a period of non-grazing until the seed maturity of the key forage species
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how can grazing systems affect livestock production
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-increase forage production or quality over time
-make better use of whole resource -increase opportunities to observe livestock and reduce problems |
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how can grazing systems affect livestock distribution?
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-create smaller pasture
-increase stock density |
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how can grazing systems affect plant community composition?
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-affect evenness of grazing intensity among plants
-even out competition between plants -provide rest or deferment to benefit some plants |
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grazing systems CANNOT
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-rectify mismanagement (wrong species, incorrect SR, distribution problems)
-achieve range improvement in plant communities that are dominated by long-lived woody plants |
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continuous
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-grazing of specific unit of land throughout whole grazing season or year
-repeated year after year -actual grazing pressure during critical growing season is relatively light |
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continuous grazing suited for
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-dry flat land
-plant communities adapted to year-long grazing -pastures with adequate water distribution |
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deferred rotation
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-deferment provided to each range unit (or pasture) on a rotating basis
-improve livestock distribution and improve conditino of forage |
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deferred rotation suitable for
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-riparian areas
-rough topography |
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rest-rotation
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-aka Hormay system
-full year of rest for pastures on rotating basis |
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rest-rotation suitable for
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-rugged terrain
-land not used for crop production or improved pasture |