Radiographic Positioning And Related Anatomy Ch. 16 Sect. A

Front 1

The kidneys and ureters are located in the ____ space

Back 1

D. Retroperitoneal

Front 2

The _____ glands are located directly superior to the kidneys

Back 2

Suprarenal (adrenal) glands

Front 3

Which structures create a 20 degree angle between the upper pole and lower pole of the kidney?

Back 3

Psoas major muscles

Front 4

What is the specific name for the mass of fat that surrounds each kidney?

Back 4

Perirenal fat or adipose capsule

Front 5

What degree of rotation from supine is required to place the kidneys parallel to the IR?

Back 5

30

Front 6

Which two landmarks can be palpated to locate the kidneys?

Back 6

Xiphoid process and iliac crest

Front 7

Which term describes an abnormal drop of the kidneys when the patient is placed erect?

Back 7

Nephroptosis

Front 8

List the 3 functions of the urinary system:

Back 8

A. Remove nitrogenous waste
B. Regulate water levels
C. Regulate acid-base balance

Front 9

A buildup of nitrogenous waste is the blood is called:

Back 9

B. Uremia

Front 10

The longitudinal fissure found along the central medial border of the kidney is called the ______.

Back 10

Hilum

Front 11

The peripheral or outer portion of the kidney is called the _____

Back 11

Cortex

Front 12

The term that describes the total functioning portion of the kidney is the

Back 12

Renal Parenchyma

Front 13

The microscopic function and structural unit of the kidney is the _____.

Back 13

Nephron

Front 14

Which structure of the medulla is made up of a collection of tubules that drain into the minor calyx?

Back 14

Renal pyramids

Front 15

What is another (older) name for the glomerular capsule?

Back 15

Bowmans capsule

Front 16

T/F: The glomerular capsule and proximal and distal convulated tubules are located in the medulla of the kidney.

Back 16

False (located in the cortex)

Front 17

T/F: The efferent arterioles carry blood to the glomeruli

Back 17

False (afferent)

Front 18

Which two processes move urine through the ureters to the bladder?

Back 18

A. Peristalsis
B. Gravity

Front 19

What is the name of the junction found between the distal ureters and urinary bladder?

Back 19

Ureterovesical junction

Front 20

Which one of the following structures is located most anterior as compared with the others?

Back 20

Urinary Bladder

Front 21

What is the name of the inner, posterior region of the bladder formed by the two ureters entering and the urethra exiting

Back 21

Trigone

Front 22

What is the name of the small gland found just inferior to the male bladder?

Back 22

Prostate

Front 23

The total capacity for the average adult bladder is:

Back 23

C. 350 to 500ml

Front 24

Which one of the following structures is considered to be most posterior?

Back 24

D. Kidneys