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129 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
What does COme to Cuba Next Christmas mean?
names of tarsal bones.
Calcaneous, Talus, Cuboid, Navicular, 1,2,3 Cuneiforms
What is the largest tarsal bone?
os calcis (calcaneous)
What is the second largest tarsal bone?
talus (astragalus)
What is the medical name for the heel bone?
os calcis (calcaneous)
What is the anatomical description of the greater trochanter?
on the femur: proximal, superior and lateral
What is the most inferior structure of the pelvis?
ischial tuberocity
What is the most superior structure of the pelvis?
iliac crest
What is the name of the large mass of bone found lateral to the first sacral segment?
Ala
Which tarsal bone comprises part of the ankle mortise?
talus (astragalus)
What is the anatomical description of the lesser trochanter?
on the femur: proximal, medial and posterior
What is the anatomical description of the lesser trochanter?
on the femur- proximal, medial, and posterior
Differentiate between the anatomical descriptions of the lesser and greater trochanter
lesser- medial and posterior
greater- superior and lateral
What type of bone classification is the sesamoid bone?
bones formed in tendons
What structure is located directly posterior to the acetabulum?
ischial spine
What medical term refers to the cartilaginous pads at the knee?
menisci
What is the ala?
wing of the ilium bone
What is Osgood-Schlatter's disease?
condition in which the tibial tuberocity breaks away from the tibia
Where is the sustentaculum tali?
calcaneous
What tarsal articulates with the fourth and fifth metatarsal?
cuboid
What tarsal articulates with the second metatarsal?
middle cuneiform (intermediate cuneiform)
What tarsal articulates with the tibia?
talus (astragalus)
What is another name for the intercondyloid eminence?
tibial spine
What are two alternate names for the hip bone?
coxal bone, os coxae, inominate bone
What is the differene in the anatomical location of the three malloeli?
lateral- fibula
medial and posterior- tibia
What is a Tri-malleolar fracture?
breaking all 3 malleoli
lateral, medial and posterior
Which bone is referred to as the ankle bone?
astragalus (talus)
What is the name of the superior portion of the astragalus that articulates with the lower end of the tibia?
trochlea
What bone lies below the talus?
calcaneous
What is the pes?
foot
What is the tarsus?
foot instep
What tarsal bones comprise the posterior bones?
talus, calcaneous, navicular
What tarsal bones comrpise the anterior bones?
medial cuneiform, intermediate cuneiform, lateral cuneiform, cuboid bone
How many phalanges are there in each toe?
hallux- 2
2nd-5th toe- 3 in each one
How many phalanges are in each foot?
14
Where is the intercondyloid fossa?
concavity between the femoral condyles on distal femur; location between posterior parts of the femoral condyles
What bones comprise the pelvic girdle?
right and left hip bones (inominate bones)
What portion of the tibia does the fibula articulate with?
fibular notch on tibia is where fibula articulates. notch located on the distal end of tibia on lateral side; tib-fib joint
fibular articular surface (fibular facet) on tibia articulates with head of fibula (on proximal tibia)
What is the difference in size and shape of the male and female pelvis?
female- broader, larger pelvic outlet, wider diameter, iliac crests are flared outward

male- marrow, smaller diameter, smaller pelvic outlet
What bone forms the majority of the adult pelvis?
inominate bone
What is the difference between the base and apex of the patella?
apex- pointed inferior area
base- flat superior area
What is the area called where the two inominate bones join?
symphysis pubis
What bone is the largest and strongest in the adult?
femur
What forms the majority of the false pelvis?
ilium
What tendon attaches to the tibia tuberocity?
quadriceps femoris muscle
What area on the os coxae does the head of the femur articulate?
acetabulum
What portion of the pelvis supports the majority of the body weight in the sitting position?
ischial tuberocity
What six bones comprise the pelvis during development?
2 ilium, 2 ischium, 2 pubis
What is the anatomical description of the femoral condyles?
large smooth articulating surfaces located on distal femur
What is the anatomical relationship of the astragalus to the calcaneous?
astragalus is superior to calcaneous
What part of the fibula can be palpated on the lateral surface just below the knee?
head of fibula
What bones comprise the acetabulum?
ischium, ilium, pubis?
The ischium is located on the (anterior or posterior) part of the body?
posterior
The pubis is located on the (anterior or posterior) part of the body?
anterior
What bone(s) does the base of the first-third metatarsals articulate with posteriorly?
cuneiforms
What are fallen arches? What causes them?
"fall feet" cause- due to weakening of the ligaments and loss of longtitudinal arch
What is the anatomical relationship of the navicular to the talus?
navicular is anterior to talus
What is the anatomical relationship of the navicular to the cuneiforms?
navicular is posterior to cuneiforms
What bones form the knee joint?
tibia of lower leg and femur
What bone does the cuboid articulate with posteriorly?
calcaneous
What degree angel is formed by the neck and shaft of the femur?
120 degrees in adults
What bones form the obturator foramen?
ischium and pubis
What bones forms the ankle joint?
talus, tibia, fibula
What is the anatomical description of the greater sciatic notch?
deep notch located on posterior margin of innominate bone between the posterior inferior iliac spine and the ischial spine
What joint is formed by the sacrum and iliac bones?
sacroiliac joint (SI joint)
What is the ligamentum teres?
round ligament of the femoral head; attaches femur to acetabulum of jip bone
What is the strongest part of the hip bone?
ischial tuberocity
What is the pelvic brim?
superior margin of true pelvis; called pelvic outlet; widest dimension
What is the difference between the true and false pelvis?
true- minor pelvis, inferior to pelvis brim

false- major pelvis, superior to pelvic brim
What is the pelvic outlet?
inferior margin of true pelvis
Which gender has more of a "heart" shaped pelvis?
male
Where is the popliteal region?
area behind knee joint
What bones comprise the hip joint?
os coxae and femur
What is the crus?
lower leg
What bones comprise the pelvis?
right and left hip bones, sacrum, coccyx
What tendon is the host of the patella?
tendon of the quadriceps femoris muscle
How many bones make up the lower extremity?
62
How many bones make up the upper extremity?
64
What is the medical term for the shin bone?
tibia
What is the medical tern for the calf bone?
fibula
What attaches the lower extremities to the axial skeleton?
pelvic girdle
Why type of joint is the pubic symphysis?
ampiarthrodial
What type of joint is the knee joint?
diarthrodial. synovial. hinge
What type of joint is the hip joint?
diarthrodial. synovial. spheroidal
What type of joint is the ankle joint?
diarthrodial. synovial. ginglymus
What type of joint is the intermetatarsal joint?
diarthrodial. plane
What type of joint is the tarsometatarsal joint?
diarthrodial. synovial. gliding
What type of joint is the proximal tib-fib joint?
diarthrodial. synovial. gliding
What type of joint is the distal tib-fib joint?
synarthrodial. (slight give during dorsiflexion)
What type of joint is the sacroiliac joint?
diarthrodial. synovial
What type of joint is the interphalangeal joints?
diarthrodial. synovial. ginglymus
Where is the subtalar joint?
talus and calcaneous articulation
What is another medical name for the tibial spines?
intercondyloid eminence
What is the posterior, lowest most section of the coxal bone?
ischial tuberocity
Where are sesamoids found?
in tendons
What is the largest sesamoid bone?
patella
What are two other locations in the body where there are sesamoids?
thumb and great toe
How many cuneiform bones are there in each foot?
3
What is the pointed upper end of the head of the fibula called?
apex or styloid process
What is the difference between the base and head of a metatarsal?
base is proximal, head is distal
Are the ilium and ileum the same?
no. ilium-hip and ileum-section of small intestine
How many toes are in the human body?
10
What is the total number of phalanges in the lower extremity?
28
What is ankylosis?
joint stiffening as a result of RA (Rheumatoid Arthritis)
What does "articulation" mean in terms of body joints?
a joint. a point where 2 bones meet.
what is the diploe? Where is it mainly found?
layer of cancellous bone; skull
Define osteoblast
bone forming cells
Define ostecyte
fully matured bone cell
Define osteoclast
cell that re-absorbs calcium/bone.
What is the difference bewteen a Pott's and a Colle's fracture?
Colle's- distal radius; fragment displacement

Potte's- tib-fib distal portion; lateral displacement

(Smith's is oppsite of Colle's)
How many bones comprise the axial and appendicular skeleton?
axial=80
appendicular=126
What is the name of the irregular articulations that join the skull bones together?
sutures
What is th functional classifications of sutures?
synarthrodial
what is known as the primary ossification center and the layer of cartilage which allows for bone growth?
diaphysis
What and where are fontonels?
soft spots on an infant skull; membranes where bones are not fully fused together yet
What type of bones are formed in joints?
sesamoid
What structure attaches bone to muscle?
tendon
What structure attaches bone to bone?
ligaments
What are two examples of short bones?
carpals and tarsals
What are two examples of long bones?
humerous and femur
what are two examples of irregular bones
vertebrae, bones at base of skull, innominate bone
What are the four functions of bones?
protection, support and framework, lever, hemopoieis (production of blood cells), mineral reservoir
What is "callus?" Where can it be found?
new material which forms in area of broken bones. fractures are they are healing
What is the fibrous covering of the bone called?
periosteum
What is a "cornu"? Where is one located in the body?
horn. hyoid bone
What are the secondary bone growth centers?
epiphysis
What is the periosteum?
tough, fibrous covering of the bone
What is the name of the sesamoid bone in the femur?
fabella
The acetabulum consists of part of which three bones?
ilium, ischium and pubis
The obturator foramen consists of part of which 2 bones?
pubis and ischium