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49 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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The SI unit for measuring absorbed dose is the: a. air kerma (Gy-a) b. sievert (Sv) c. gray ( Gy-a) d. roentgen (R) |
c. gray (Gy-a) |
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What is the SI unit of exposure that measures radiation in the air? a. Gray (Gy-a) b. Sievert (Sv) c. Rad (Rad) d. Air kerma (Gy-a) |
D. Air kerma (Gy-a) |
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The unit of the SI system used to measure the equivalent dose is the: a. roentgen (R) b. sievert (Sv) c. gray (Gy-t) d. air kerma (Gy-a) |
b. sievert (Sv) |
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To ensure the lifetime risk of occupationally exposed persons remains within acceptable limits, each person cannot exceed a lifetime dose. the lifetime dose is termed the ___ dose. a, absorbed b. equivalent c. effective d. cumulative effective |
d. cumulative effective |
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Which of the following is measured based on the type and energy of the radiation exposed to? a. exposure b. absorbed dose c. equivalent dose d. effective dose |
c. equivalent dose |
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The radiation weighting factor for x-ray photons is which of the following? a. 1 b. 2 c. 20 d. 25 |
a. 1 |
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Which of the following radiation values will always be an equal dose in diagnostic radiology? a. Absorbed dose and exposure b. Absorbed dose and equivalent dose c. Absorbed dose and effective dose d. Absorbed dose and cumulative effective dose. |
b. Absorbed dose and equivalent dose |
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In radiography, patient dose is usually calculated: a. within the organ b. at the exit organ c. as an average of the entrance and exit exposure d. at the skin level |
d. at the skin level |
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Which of the following radiographic examinations typically delivers the greatest gonadal exposure? a. Chest b. Pelvis c. Skull d. Limb |
b. Pelvis |
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According to the Law of Bergonie and Tribondeau, which of the following types of cells are very radiosensitive? a. Nerve and muscle b. Blood and blood-producing c. Cortical bone d. Glandular |
b. Blood and blood producing |
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At what whole body equivalent dose will blood changes be seen? a. 0.25 Sv b. 1.5 Sv c. 2.0 Sv d. 2.5 Sv |
a. 0.25 Sv |
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Which of the following cells would not be as vulnerable to x-rays? a. Thyroid cells b. Skin cells c. Nerve cells d. Blood cells |
c. Nerve cells |
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At what whole-body equivalent dose will death occur? a. 1.5 Sv b. 2.0 Sv c. 3.0 Sv d. 6.0 Sv |
d. 6.0 Sv |
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Short-term effects of radiation would occur within how long? a. 3 months b. 1 year c. 10 to 15 years d. 5 to 30 years |
a. 3 months
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Short-term effects of radiation would occur at absorbed doses greater than which of the following? a. 50 mGy-t b. 100 mGy-t c. 200 mGy-t d. 500 mGy-t |
d. 500 mGy-t |
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According to the Law of Bergonie and Tribondeau, which of the following groups would not be as sensitive to radiation? a. Fetuses b. Infants c. Children d. Adults |
d. Adults |
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What is erythema? a. Loss of hair caused by a high-radiation dose. b. Loss of hair caused by long-term, low radiation dose. c. Reddening of the skin caused by high-radiation dose. d. Reddening of the skin caused by long term, low-radiation dose. |
c. Reddening of the skin caused by high-radiation dose. |
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What is the guiding philosophy of radiation protection? a. ALARMA- as long as radiographs are made accessible. b. ALARA- as low as reasonably achievable. c. ALAIS- as long as ionizations are small. d. ALAP- as low as possible. |
b. ALARA |
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In general, which radiation effect are we most concerned about? a. Short-term b. Long-term c. Somatic d. Genetic |
b. Long-term
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The EDE limit for whole-body dose of occupational radiation exposure for non pregnant workers older than age 18 who are involved in radiation use is ___per year. a. 1.25 rem b. 5.0 mrem c. 0.5 rem d. 5.0 rem |
d. 5.0 rem |
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Which of the following would be used to reduce the likelihood of genetic radiation effects? a. SID greater than 40 inches b. Low mAs c. Low kVp d. Gonad shields |
d. Gonad shields |
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Which of the following changes decrease the dose to the limited operator? 1. Minimize the time spent in the radiation area. 2. Increase the distance between the operator and the source of radiation. 3. use shielding- control booth and lead apparel. a. 1 and 2 only b. 1 and 3 only c. 2 and 3 only d. 1,2, and 3 |
d. 1, 2, and 3 |
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When radiation exposure occurs during pregnancy, the greatest risk of birth defects occurs when the exposure: 1. to the uterus exceeds 5 rad. 2 occurs within the first trimester of pregnancy. 3. occurs within the third trimester of pregnancy. a. 1 and 2 only b. 1 and 3 only c. 2 and 3 only d. 1,2, and 3 |
a. 1 and 2 only |
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A common and observable short-term effect of radiation is: a. erythema b. mutations c. leukemia d. carcinogenesis |
a. erythema |
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The lethal dose of radiation is expressed as the: a. ESE 50 b. ESE 100 c. LD 50/60 d. LD 50/30 |
d. LD 50/30 |
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Which of the radiographic examinations listed would give the fetus the highest "fetal dose"? a. Chest b. Cervical spine c. Lumbar spine d. Skull |
c. Lumbar spine |
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The greatest percentage of long-term effects from radiation exposure will occur at: a. 3 months. b. 5 years c. 10 -15 years d. 5-30 years |
c. 10 - 15 years |
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Which of the following effects of radiation exposure are predictable? a. Short-term b. Long- term c. Somatic d. Genetic |
a. Short-term |
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Which of the following would be considered long-term effects of radiation exposure? 1. Cataracts 2. Leukemia 3. Erythema a. 1 and 2 b. 1 and 3 c. 2 and 3 d. 1,2, and 3 |
a. 1 and 2 |
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Radiation exposure to the gonads can cause changes in the genes of the irradiated person called: a. mitotic rate. b. mutations c. short-term effects. d. long-term effcts |
b. mutations. |
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Which of the following would not be a mutation as a result of radiation to the gonads? a. Cleft palate b. Spina bifida c. Polydactyly d. Leukemia |
d. Leukemia |
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Today, the average American is exposed to how much of and annual radiation dose? a. 3.6 mSv b. 5.0 mSv c. 6.3 mSv d. 7.0 mSv |
c. 6.3 mSv |
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The greatest cause of unnecesary radiation to patients is from: a. repeat exposures. b. CT scans. c. radon gas. d. chest x-rays |
a. repeat exposures |
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Which of the following can the limited operator do to keep radiation exposure to the patients as low as reasonably achievable? 1. Use a small radiation field. 2. Use the highest kVp possible. 3. Never use and SID below 40 in. a. 1 and 2 b. 1 and 3 c. 2 and 3 d. 1, 2, and 3 |
d. 1, 2, and 3 |
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The lead-equivalent thickness of a gonad shield should be ___ mm. a. 0.3 b. 0.5 c. 1.0 d. 1.5 |
b. 0.5 |
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A gonad shield should be used whenever the edge of the radiation field is within__ cm of the gonads. a. 3 b. 5 c. 6 d. 8 |
b. 5 |
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The federal regulation for the lead- equivalency of aprons that are worn int eh radiographic room is __mm. a. 0.10 b. 0.25 c. 0.5 d. 1.0 |
c. 0.5 |
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The federal regulation for the lead-equivalency of gloves worn during radiographic procedures is ___mm. a. 0.10 b. 0.25 c. 0.50 d. 1.0 |
b. 0.25 |
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Personnel monitors should be worn whenever radiation workers are likely to risk receiving __% or more of the annual effective dose limit. a. 5 b. 8 c. 10 d. 15 |
c. 10 |
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The most widely used and most accurate personnel monitor is the: a. visual dosimeter. b. film badge. c. thermoluminescent dosimeter d. optically stimulated luminescence (OSL). |
d. optically stimulated luminescence |
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A personnel monitor cannot measure exposures less than ___mSv. a. 0.025 b. 0.05 c. 0.50 d. 1.0 |
b. 0.05 |
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Personnel monitors should be worn: 1. in the region of the collar. 2. on the anterior surface of the body. 3. outside the apron. a. 1 and 2 b. 1 and 3 c. 2 and 3 d. 1, 2, and 3 |
d. 1,2, and 3 |
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Which national organization prepares the standards for radiation dose limits of occupational radiation workers? a. National Council on Radiation Protection b. American Society of Radiologic Technologists c. The Joint Commission d. American Registry of Radiologic Technologists |
a. National Council on Radiation Protection |
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The annual effective dose limit for an occupational radiation worker is: a. 25 mSv b. 50 mSv c. 1 Sv d. 5 Sv |
b. 50 mSv |
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A 28 year old radiation worker can have an annual cumulative effective dose of: a. 28 Sv b. 280 Sv c. 28 mSv d. 280 mSv |
d. 280 mSv |
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According to the NCRP, there is cause for concern if a pregnant woman receives a dose in excess of ___to the uterus. a. 15 Gy-t b. 25 Gy-t c. 150 mGy-t d. 250 m Gy-t |
c. 150 mGy-t
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The greatest risk for the pregnant woman who receives a hight exposure is during the: a . first trimester b. second trimester c. third trimester d. first 3 weeks |
a. first trimester |
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The NCRP recommended monthly equivalent dose limit for a pregnant worker is ___ mSv. a. 0.25 b. 0.5 c. 2.5 d. 5 |
d. 5 |
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A declared pregnant radiation worker should wear a second personnel monitor. This monitor should be positioned at the: a. collar b. waist level c. sleeve closest to the radiation. d. the sleeve farthest from the radiation |
b. waist level |
