Rad Protection

Front 1

All electromagnetic radiation have the same velocity but differ in? A/B

Back 1

A. Frequency

B. Wave Length

Front 2

Two types of x-rays are produced at the tungsten target they are? A/B

Back 2

A. Bremsstahlung "breaking" RAD

B. Characteristics RAD

Front 3

Interaction between x-ray photons and matter occurs in 2 ways? A/B

Back 3

A. Photo Electric Effect

B. Compton

Front 4

Whic interaction contributes to pt. dose significantly as all energy is absorbed by pt?

Back 4

Photo Electric Effect

Front 5

These types of x-rays are created most frequently with matter of

a.high atomic number
b.positive contrast media
c.low energy photons

Back 5

Photo Electric Effect

Front 6

This type of high energy x-ray photon does not pose hazard to Pt. but contributes to image fog and isa radiation hazard to tech/rad?

Back 6

Compton Scatter

Front 7

With dose response curves a Linear (straight line) denotes?

Back 7

Response is directly related to dose received.
^ dose
^ biologic response

Front 8

With dose response curves this type graphic denotes an effect which is not proportional to dose?

Back 8

Non-Linear

Front 9

The two most common dose response curves in RAD protection are? Of these which is the curve of choice for RAD protection?

Back 9

A.Linear non-threshold
curve of choice
B.Non-Linear threshold

Front 10

An acute dose of --A-- RAD is required to cause radiogenic cataracts and an occupational dose or fractioned dose of--B-- RAD is required to induce cataracts?

Back 10

A. 200 RAD

B.1000 RAD

Front 11

To determine the effective dose (EFD) what formula is used?

Back 11

EFD=Wr x Wt x D(absorbed dose)

Front 12

The cell cycle is divided into (2) parts?

Back 12

A. Interphase

B. Mitosis

Front 13

Interphase is further divided into (3) steps?

Back 13

1. gap 1 g1

2. sinthesys (S)

3. g2 gap2

Front 14

What phase is most and least radiosensitive?

Back 14

Most g2 & M

least S

Front 15

The most radiosensitive cells are --A-- followed by --B-- and --C-- and the lease sensitive are --D-- and --E-- with E having what exception?

Back 15

A. Lymphocites
B. Epithelial cells
C. Genectic cells of reproduction
D.Muscle
E.Nervous (except for in the 2nd to 10th week gestational age)

Front 16

In terms of tissue oxygen concentration when is radio sensitivity increased with increased or decreased O2 concentration?

Back 16

Increased

Front 17

In what week range is the fetus particularly sensitive?

Back 17

Between 2nd and 10th week gestational age.

Front 18

These anomalies may occur in early part of the 2nd and 10th week of gestation?

Back 18

Skeletal

Organ

Front 19

These anomalies may occur in the later part of the 2nd to 10th week of gestation?

Back 19

Neurological Deffects

Front 20

3 ways to reduce RAD exposure to recently fertized ovum are?

Back 20

A. Selective scheduling 10 days after onset of menses
B.Pt. questionaire of LMP
C.Postings with cautions

Front 21

The single most important factor in keeping pt. dose to minimum is?

Back 21

Limiting area of irradiation through collimation.

Front 22

What 2 effects does beam restriction devices have?

Back 22

A. Reduction of Scatter Radiation thereby improving image quality
B. Reduced pt. dose

Front 23

There are 3 types of beam restrictor devices they are?

Back 23

A. Cones
B. Collimators
C. Aperture Diaphragm

Front 24

According the NCRP the collimator light localization apparatus must be accurate to withing --A-- of SID?

Back 24

A. 2%

Front 25

According to NCRP guideline the PBL is to be accurate withing --A-- of SID on single side and --B-- on all sides?

Back 25

A. 3%

B. 4%

Front 26

Total filtration for an x-ray unit is composed of?

Back 26

A. Inherent filtration

B. Added filtration

Front 27

NCRP guidelines for filtration on machines with the following Kvp ranges are

<50kv= --A-- Al equivalent

50-70Kv = --B-- Al equivalent

>70Kv = --C-- Al equivalent

Back 27

A. .5mm

B. 1.5mm

C. 2.5mm

Front 28

3 indicators for gonadal shielding are?

Back 28

A. If gonads are withing 5cm of well collimated area

B. Reasonable reproductive age female <55 male <65

C.Does not impeded diagnostic information

Front 29

3 types of shields are?

Back 29

A. Flat
B. Shadow
C.Contact shields

Front 30

What are the two types of AEC cells used for proper exposure control of film?

Back 30

A. Ionization Chamber
B. Phototimers/ photomultipliers

Front 31

An ionization chamber is found where?

Back 31

Beneath table top and above cassette and grid.

Front 32

A phototimer/ photomultiplier is found where?

Back 32

Beneath the patient.

Front 33

For the following grids what are the conversion factors:
non grid A
5:1 B
6:1 C
8:1 D
12:1 E
16:1 F

Back 33

A. 0
B. 1
C. 2
D. 3
E. 4
F. 5

Front 34

What type of relationship is there between Grid Ratio and Density?

Back 34

Inversely proportional
increase GR decreases Density.

Front 35

NCRP guidelines state that monitoring device must be issued for those who might receive 10% of occupational dose equivalent limit of? A/B

Back 35

A. 5 rem/yr

B. 50 mSv/yr

Front 36

The intensity of scattereed radiation 1m from patient is apx. --A-- of intensity of primary beam?

Back 36

A. .1%

Front 37

Radiation leaving x-ray tube in direction other than primary beam is termed?

Back 37

Leakage radiation.

Front 38

NCRP regulation on Leakage radiation states that Leakage radiation must not exceed --A-- at a distance of --B-- from tube?

Back 38

A. 10 mR/hr

B. 1 meter

Front 39

What are the three cardinal principles in radiation? A/B/C

Back 39

A. Time
B. Distance
D. Shielding

Front 40

What are the types of grids?
A/B/C/D/E

Back 40

A. Stationary
B. Moving
C. Parallel
D. Focused
E. Cros hatch-prohibits tube angulation

Front 41

Grid Ration is defined as?

Back 41

Height of strip divided by distance between strip.
H/D

Front 42

Grid frequency is defined as?

Back 42

Number of strips per inch.