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55 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Which of the following terms describes the actions of a tablet on the body after ingestion and absorption?
a) pharmacokinetics b) pharmacodynamics c) pharmacology d) toxicology |
b) pharmacodynamics
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Which of the following routes of administration should a dental patient used for a nicotine patch?
a) oral b) transdermal c) topical d) rectal |
b) transermal
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Which of the following drug names comes from the United States Adopted Names (USAN) desginations?
a) trade b) generic c) brand d) chemical |
b) generic
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which of the following route of administration is used in emergency situations?
a) oral b) rectal c) intravenous d) buccal |
c) intravenous
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Which of the following is an undesirable effect produced by a drug that has a predictable response and is dose related?
a) therapeutic effect b) idiosyncratic reaction c) adverse effect d) teratogenic effect |
c) adverse effect
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Prescription drugs are controlled by the
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United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA)
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Which of the following is found in the body of a prescription?
a) name of drug b) address of prescriber c) telephone # of prescriber d) date |
a) name of drug
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Which of the following terms is used to indicate that medical studies have shown that the drug causes a significant risk of serious or even life-threatening adverse effects?
a) package insert b) indications c) DEA number d) black box warning |
d) black box warning
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The abbreviations of ac means
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before meals
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How many caps should be writtin on the prescription if it states:
Sig: take two caps stat, followed by one cap tid for 7 days until finished for dental infection |
23
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Pharmacokinetics involves all the following concepts except one. Which one is the exception?
a) metabolism b) elimination c) binding d) distribution e) absorption |
c) binding
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The primary site of drug biotransformation is the
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liver
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Which of the following terms describes the drug dose that produces 50% of the maximum possible response?
a) effective dose (ED50) b) lethal dose c) half-life (t 1/2) d) maximum response |
a) effective dose (ED50)
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A drug that rapidly combines with a receptor to initiate a response and rapidly dissociates or release from the receptor is called a (an)
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agonist
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Which of the following terms describes how much of a drug will be available in the body to produce a pharmacoloic response after it is administered?
a) liberation b) bioavailability c) biotransformation d) bioequivalence |
B) bioavailability
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Which of the following events occur when a patient takes both tetracycline and yogurt together?
a) increased incidence of allergic reaction b) dairy increases the absorption rate of tetracycline c) upset stomach d) dairy inhibits the absorption of tetracycline |
d) dairy inhibits the absorption of tetracycline
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which of the following types of drug interactions occurs when alcohol is taken together with acetaminophen and codeine?
a) additive b) pharmacokinetic c) antagonism d) pharmacodynamics |
a) additive
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All of the following are types of drug-drug interactions except one. Which one is the exception?
a) metabolism b) distribution c) absorption d) liberation |
d) liberation
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Which of the following types of drug interaction occurs when large doses of epinephrine are given to a dental patient with a tricyclic antidepressant?
a) pharmacokinetics b) antagonism c) synergism d) pharmacodynamics |
a) pharmacokinetics
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True / False
all drug interactions involve the CYP450 enzymes. |
False
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Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs are primarily used for all of the following purposes except
a) ant-inflammatory b) antibiotic c) anticoagulant d) analgesic |
b) antibiotic
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Neuropathic pain differs from nociceptive pain in that neuropathic pain is caused by damage to the
a) nerve tissue b) gingiva c) soft tissue d) bone |
A) nerve tissue
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Most of aspirin's adverse effects are due to inhibition of
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COX-1
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all of the following are effects of prostaglandins except
a) reduces gastric acid b) inflammation c) pain d) reduces uterine contractions |
d) reduces uterine contractions
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Which of the following enzymes breaks down arachidonic acid into prostaglandins?
a) cyclo-oxygenase b) phospholipase c) collagenase d) hyaluronic acid |
a) cyclo-oxygenase
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Use of broad spectrum antibiotics may cause an overgrowth of
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Fungi
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which of the following penicillins is broad spectrum?
a) amoxicillin b) penicillin V c) penicillin G d) azithromycin |
a) amoxicillin
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Which of the following antibiotics is combined with amoxicillin in the treatment of localized aggressive periodontitis?
a) metronidazole b) penicillin V c) clarithromycin d) erythromycin |
a) metronidazole
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True / False
Bacteriostatic antibiotics inhibit the multiplication of the bacteria |
True
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True / False
Chlorhexidine gluconate rinse has a high substantivity |
True
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True / False
Herpes simplex virus infections only occur in healthy individuals |
False
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True / False
Is is easier to diagnose primary herpes infection in the adult than the infant |
False
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True / False
Antibiotics are useful in the treatment of primary herpes |
False
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True / False
Herpes lesions are usually not painful |
False
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True / False
HSV infection is curable |
False
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Most anesthetics are combined with an acid such as hydrochloride (HCI) to form a salt becuase it is
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more stable and soluble than the base
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In healthy adult patients, the maximum safe dose (in mgs) of epinephrine in a local anesthetic is
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0.20
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Which of the following percent solutions of mepivicaine does not contain a vasoconstrictor?
a) 2% b) 1% c) 3% d) 4% |
c) 3%
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True / False
Lidocaine is a vasodilator |
True
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True / False
Epinephrine is a vasoconstrictor |
True
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Orally administered drugs must pass thru the liver via hepatic portal vein prior to reaching general circulation and site of action, this is referred to as
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First pass effect
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In dentistry all of the following are indications for use of antibiotics
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- odontogenic / orofacial infections
- Prophylaxis for endocarditis - Prophylaxis for compromised host defense mechanisms |
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Asprin & NSAIDs should be used with in caution is patients with
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- taking blood thinners
- those that have GI ulcers - coronary heart disease - asthma |
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Epinephrine is contraindicated in a patient taking
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- Beta blockers
- tricyclic antidepressants - and those suspected of being cocaine users |
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The time it takes for the drug to eliminate 50% of the amount of its concentration in the plasma or body is referred to as
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Half life (t 1/2)
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True / False
Penicillin should not be used in children younger than 8 years of age |
False
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If you administer 2.5 cartridges of 4% lidocaine with 1:100,000 epinephrine, how many milligrams is given
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0.045 mg
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What drugs are metabolized by a particular CYP450 enzyme
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substrate
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Which medications are used in the treatment of candida albican infections
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- Nystatin
- diflucan - myclex **antibiotics and systemic antifungals are NOT used to treat |
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What are the treatment options for oropharyngeal candidiasis
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- systemic antifungals (fluconazole [Diflucan] 100 - 200 mg twice a day)
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If a 200 lb adult male requires 2% Lidocaine without epi, how many cartridges can he safely recieve?
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11.11
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True / False
Cell membranes are composed of 3 layers of fat. |
False
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What condition may occur if asprin is administered to children with virul infections?
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Reyes syndrome
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What step is important in order to avoid intravascular administration of local anesthetic
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aspiration
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What drugs can cause oral candidias?
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Broad spectrum antibiotics
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