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132 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Are solid pharmaceutical dosage forms containing drug substances with or without suitable diluents and are prepared either by compression or molding |
Tablet |
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Two types of tablets |
Molded Compressed |
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Advantage of tablet |
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Disadvantage of tablet |
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Usually made from moist material using triturate mold that gives them the shape of cut sections of a cylinder |
Molded tablet |
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Molded tablets is aka as |
Tablet triturates |
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Types of molded tablet |
Dispensing Hypodermic |
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Supply primarily as a convenience for extemporaneous compounding |
Dispensing tablet |
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Example of molded tab |
Bichloride of mercury |
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Used for solutions for injections |
Hypodermic tab |
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Ex. Of hypodermic tab |
Morphine tab for inj |
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Formed by the process of pressing |
Compressed tab |
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Factor influencing the variety of compressed tab |
Manner of use Specific mode of axn |
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Tablets recommended to speed up disintegration by breaking or mastication |
Chewable tab |
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Tablet base which is sweet as glucose |
Mannitol |
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True or False Mannitol has a pleasant cooling sensation due to positive heat of solution. Then what is the degree of it? |
False -28.9 cal/g at 25 °C |
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Similar to buccal tab tab but placed underneath the tongue |
Sublingual tab |
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Example of sublingual tab |
Nitroglycerin and isoproterenol HCl |
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Inserting into the buccal pouch to dissolve or erode slowly |
Progesterone tab Fentora ( Fentanyl citrate ) |
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Small tab compressed without excipients |
Pellets or implantation tab |
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Formulated tab and shaped tab which are inserted into the vaginal canal |
Vaginal tab or inserts |
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Prepared by the compression of several different granulations fed into die in succession, one top of the other in layers |
Multiple layered tab |
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Compressing additional granulation on a previous compressed granulation |
Layered tab |
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Prepared by feeding previously compressed tablets into special tabletting machune |
Press coated tab |
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Compressed tab containing sugar coating |
Sugar coated |
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Covered with thin layer film of water sol material |
Film coated tab |
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Advantage of sp oral tab |
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Advantage of compressed tab |
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Employed produce CO2 by chem rxn |
Effervescent tab |
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Two method of manuf effervescent tab |
Wet fusion Heat fusion or dry method |
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Acids added in the wet fusion |
Citric and tartaric |
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Blending of all components with inclusion of ______ |
15-25% of citric acid monohydrate |
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Used for preparing solutions or imparting given char. To sol must be labeled to indicate that they are noy be swallowed |
Soluble tab |
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Administration of a single dosage unit provides immediate release often amount of drugs that promptly produced the desired therapeutic effect |
Sustained released tablet or prolonged action tab |
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Prevented for an interval of time |
Delayed axn tab |
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Periodically release a complete dose |
Repeat axn tab |
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Continuous release |
Extended released tab |
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Drug release directed towards the iso or conc a drug in a body |
Targeted released |
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Mixture of acetone and drug substance coated onto small inert beads made up of combi of sugar and starch |
Coating agent |
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Process by solids, liq or gases maybe encapsulated into microscopic size particle |
Microencapsulation |
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Ex of microencapsulation |
Spansules ( sk and french) Modules( upjohn) Tempules( armour) Sequels( lederle ) |
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Drug intended to have sustained axn |
Embedded drug in slowly eroding matrix |
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Example of Embedded drug in slowly eroding matrix |
Lontabs ( by ciba) Space tabs( sandoz) Endurates ( geigy) Dosepan ( merill) |
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____/Granulated with an inert plastic material such as ___,____,_____ |
Embedded drug in an inert plastic matrix Polyethylene Polyvinyl acetate Polymethacrylate |
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Ex of Embedded drug in an inert plastic matrix |
Gradumett ( abott) |
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Drug substances chem combined with certain other chem agents |
Formation of slowly dissolving chem complexes |
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Sol of cationic drug |
Use of ion exchange resins |
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For storing the granulation |
Hopper |
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For distributing the granulation material |
Feed shoe |
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For controlling the size and most important part of the machine |
Die |
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For compacting granulation material |
Punches |
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Guiding the punches |
Cams |
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These machine offer great advantage |
Multi station rotary tablet machine |
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Gradually evolved into models capable of compressing tablets at high production rates |
High speed rotary tabletting machine |
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Capable of producinv multiple layered tablets |
Double rotary |
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Transport of the material thru hopper - feed frame |
Fluidity |
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Property of forming a stable |
Compressibility |
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Stable and does not react with most medicinal substances |
Lactose |
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Other name of lactose |
Lactosum saccharum lactis |
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Employed as binders and disintegrants. Contains 12-14% of water |
Starch |
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Provide additional sweetness but it's main use is as binder because of it's cohesive property |
Sucrose |
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This is another sugar for sp situation due to its high cost. For chewable tab |
Mannitol |
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Very expensive tablet diluent 5-15% wet granulation |
Microcrystalline cellulose or avicel |
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Conc is 95-96% Prolong the release of tablet Base for chewable tab due to sweet taste and pleasant mouth feel |
Celutab or hydrolyzed starch + dextrose |
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Substance that glue powders together |
Binder |
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Compressed tab to cause them to break apart |
Disintegrant |
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Cause rapid disintegration of tab but loss of bonding, cohesion and hardness |
Starch |
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Best disintegrant choice |
Starch |
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Swelling in water |
Agar |
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Improve the rate flow |
Lubricant |
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Scratch marks on the tab edges and screeching sound |
Poor lubricating |
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Water insoluble lubricant |
Stearates Stearic acid Talc Sterotex |
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Water sol lubricant |
Boric acid Sodium benzoate Carbowax 4000&6000 Sodium acetate |
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Blue #1 |
Brilliant blue |
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Blue #2 |
Indigotine |
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Green #3 |
Fast green |
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Red#2 |
Amaranth |
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Red #3 |
Erythrosine |
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Red#40 |
Allura red |
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Yellow #5 |
Tartrazine |
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Yellow #6 |
Sunset yellow |
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Water sol colorants |
Dyes |
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Water insol colorants |
Lakes |
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Max of ___ sol dyes |
.03% |
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Least likely to show mottling |
Pastel color |
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Oils and spray dried beadlets |
Flavors |
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Accentuate fruit flavors and unmask aster taste because of sweet sour taste |
Citric acid |
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300-400x sweeter than sucrose and produce bitter after taste |
Saccharin |
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200x sweeter than sucrose |
Aspartame |
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Capable of holding |
Adsorbent |
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Method applicable to tablet ing that are sensitive to moisture |
Dry granulation method / pre-compression |
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Crystalline substance like inorg salts maybe compressed directly |
Direct compression |
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Api are sensitive to heat moisture |
Granulation by compression |
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Compacted mass |
Slugs |
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Consist of two rollers controlled by hydraulic drums |
Chilsonator |
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Most widely used methos of tab prep |
Wet granulation method |
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Consist of bringing together a highly dispersed liquid |
Spray drying |
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Form of pelletization |
Spheronization |
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Tab coating that resist dissolution in the stomach |
Enteric coated tab |
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Compressed tab coated with thin layer |
Film coated tab |
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Aqueous process during which the tab cores are thoroughly wetted |
Sealing |
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Generally water insol polymer |
Tablet sealants |
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Very commonly used and best in combi with PVP |
Shellac |
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Necessary for having a completely smooth profile |
Subcoating |
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Methods of subcoating |
App of gum/sucrose App of susp of dry powder |
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Perfectly smoothby successive app of dilute syrup |
Smoothing or grossing |
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Most important step in successful completion of sugar coating process |
Coloring |
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For identification since intended monogram is not feasible |
Printing |
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For plain film coating |
Acrylate based polymer |
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Well known material for film coating |
Povidone USP |
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Not widely used film coating |
Na carboxymethyl cellulose |
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Combi with other film former |
Polyethylene glycol |
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Not sol in slightly acid ph media |
Shellac flakes |
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Composed of synthetic and semi synthetic polymers |
CAP |
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Convey the film former uniformly |
Solvents |
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Improve the quality of the film onto tab |
Plasticizer |
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Form smooth thin film under ordinary coating |
CAP |
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Water permeability |
PEG |
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Flexibility and elasticity of coating |
Plasticiser |
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Spreadability of film during app |
Polyoxyethylene sorbitan deviation |
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Tablet elegance and distinctive |
Colorant and opaquant |
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Provide luster |
Glossant |
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Allow spread of other components |
Vol solvent |
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Partial or complete separation of top or bottom of tab |
Capping |
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Sep of tab into two or more distinct layers |
Lamination |
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Removal of the edges of the tab |
Chipping |
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Removal of the material from the surface of the tab |
Picking |
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Adhesion of the tab |
Sticking |
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Unequal distrib of color |
Mottling |
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Unsatisfactory granulation |
Weight variation |
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Imprinted again |
Double impression |
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Pressure force req to break a tab |
Hardness or crushing strength test |
