Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
29 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
When is an organization most likely to imitate what other organizations are doing? |
When they are uncertain about what actions might be effective |
|
|
Which group of organizational participants has the most vague job description? |
Upper management |
|
|
The conviction that education is the principal means of achieving financial success is an example of a(n): |
cultural belief |
|
|
The tragedy of the commons occurs when people: |
act in their own-self interests and do not pay their "fair share" for collective resources. The social order breaks down as people lose trust in their government's regulatory abilities |
|
|
Multinational corporations control a significant portion of the world's wealth. |
True |
|
|
Two-thirds of the world's population belongs to which three religions? |
Christianity, Hinduism, and Islam |
|
|
People have traditionally considered oceanic fish stocks as belonging to no one. Fishers in an open-access system often attempt to catch as many fish as possible. But the overfishing of these areas eventually results in a decreased population of fish, which can cause the commercial extinction of particular species. This is an example of: |
The tragedy of the commons |
|
|
Which of the following countries has the shortest school year? |
United States |
|
|
According to the textbook, what is the "division of labor"? |
The specialization of different people or groups in different tasks |
|
|
A large hierarchical organization that is governed by formal rules and has specific job descriptions for employees is referred to as a(n): |
Bureaucracy |
|
|
SoftCom started out as six college friends working in a garage. If something needed to be done, any one of the six could do it. As the company got busier, each friend took responsibility for specific tasks. The company now has a(n): |
Division of labor |
|
|
The tragedy of the commons occurs when people: |
Act in their own-self interests and do not pay their "fair share" for collective resources. The social order breaks down as people lose trust in their government's regulatory abilities |
|
|
The National Education Association is an example of a(n): |
Organization |
|
|
According to Weber, all of these are characteristics of bureaucracies except that: |
They are unfair |
|
|
According to the textbook, what is the "division of labor"? |
The specialization of different people or groups in different tasks |
|
|
In healthcare settings, what is the July Effect? |
Medical errors increase as new medical residents, who are still learning how to care for patients, enter the hospital setting |
|
|
Recent research on middle-level employees of large corporations indicates that there is ample opportunity for advancement. |
False |
|
|
The _____perspective asserts that organizations are created, maintained, and changed through the everyday actions of their members. |
Symbolic interactionist |
|
|
According to the textbook, what is the definition of social structure? |
The social institutions, organizations, groups, statuses and roles, values, and norms that add order and predictability to social life |
|
|
The McDonaldization of society has resulted in what sociologically significant outcome? |
Social life is more homogeneous, more rigid, and less personal |
|
|
According to George Ritzer, why has McDonald's been so successful? |
It is a classic bureaucracy |
|
|
According to the textbook, what is the definition of social structure? |
The social institutions, organizations, groups, statuses and roles, values, and norms that add order and predictability to social life |
|
|
In the U.S., most schools are bureaucratic organizations. |
True |
|
|
Allowing workers to have an _____ role in their jobs would likely improve employee satisfaction and morale at many corporations. |
Active |
|
|
The expectation that everyone should attend school until the age of 16 is an example of a(n): |
Institutionalized norm |
|
|
In 2004, the U.S. Department of Labor brought enforcement actions against companies such as Wal-Mart, RadioShack, and Starbucks because these companies required their employees to: |
Work off the clock |
|
|
Recent research on middle-level employees of large corporations indicates that there is ample opportunity for advancement. |
False |
|
|
What do sociologists call it when people acting in their short-term self-interest create long-term social problems? |
A social dilemma |
|
|
According to the No Child Left Behind Act, what happens to low-income schools that continually fail to meet their performance goals? |
They risk losing their aid monies |
