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16 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Florentine Camerata
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Society of scholars and musicians
-added melodies to Greek drams -know Greek dramas did nto have singing -emphasized clarity of text -rhythm followed textual accents |
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Basso Continuo
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(also called continuo)
-accompanied monody, bass instrument (cello or bassoon) + chordal instrument (lute, harpsichord, or organ) |
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Figured Bass
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bass line with numbers indicating harmonies for chordal instrument to improvise
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Recitative
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-speech-like, served as dialogue
-rhythm flexible, based on text -usually limited accompaniment -early operas were mainly this |
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Arioso
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-more lyrical than recitative
-melodies were more distinct and -expressive that recitative |
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Aria (Da capo aria)
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-expansion of arioso style
-song-like, focus of operas -can stand alone outside of the opera -In ABA form, singers embellish the repeat of the A section |
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Opera Chorus
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-Included to represent groups of people
-often homophonic texture so that audience can understand text -Repetition of text by this was common |
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Libretto
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book or text, changed from original legend to operatic version to provide happy ending
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Jacopo Peri
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-Eurydice (circa 1600)
-earliest surviving opera from the camerata -almost entirely recitative |
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Claudio Monteverdi
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-Life spanned from Renaissance into baroque (1567-1643)
-Composed madrigals and opera -First master of opera -Opera Orfeo (1607) introduced opera as a major art form (costumes, staging and lighting, 40 instrumentalist, chorus, dancers) |
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Characteristics of Baroque Music
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-Large contrast between loud and soft
-Return to church music -Protestant churches began to have orchestras, choirs, and large organs, music masters -songs and dance not written -text painting (Trills) |
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Castrato
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-Male Castrated before puberty to be able to sing high female parts
-voice didn't drop, but still matures -English did not approve of this practice |
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Henry Purcell
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-English composer
-composed sacred and secular music -Composed vocal and instrument works -organist at Westminister Abbey and Chapel Royal -Composed funeral music for Queen Mary -Dido and Aeneas (1689) considered first English opera |
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Jean baptiste lully
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(1632-1687)
-Louis XIV's favorite composer, only one who compose opera and dance, lover opera and dance -Emphasis on dance in French opera -Stage spectacle: costumes, chorus, dancers, props -Aria more like an arioso - recitative more lyrical Ex. Armide (1686) |
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"Tragedie en musique"
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plots are tragic
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Trills
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two notes played back and forth quickly
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