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3 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
There are three wood categories.
SOFTWOODS
HARDWOODS and
MANUFACTURED BOARDS. |
SOFTWOODS come from coniferous trees that have needles and bear cones. They remain evergreen all year round. They grow quickly and have a wider grain structure. This means that they cost less.
EXAMPLES: >PINE (parana pine and Scots pine) >CEDAR >SPRUCE |
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SOFTWOOD EXAMPLES
PINE: Advantages: Has a straight grain, easy to work with, finishes well, durable, relatively cheap and widely available.Disadvantages: Knotty and can have pockets of sap hidden in the grain. USES: Commonly used for construction work, indoors and outdoors.
CEDAR: Advantages: Lightweight, knot free and contains natural oils that protect the wood from the weather.Disadvantages: Its prone to insects and dry rot.USES: Outdoor joinery e.g cladding of buildings, wall panelling.
SPRUCE: Advantages: Hard and has a straight grain, available in wide boards.Disadvantages: Small hard knots and not durable.USES: General inside work e.g staircases. |
HARDWOOD EXAMPLES
OAK: Advantages: Hard, tough, nice grain pattern, finishes well. Disadvantages: Heavy, contains tannic acid so will corrode steel screws leaving a blue stain.USES: Boat building, floors, high class furniture and fittings.
BEECH: Advantages: Tough, hard, straight and close grain . Can withstand wear and shock. Polishes well. Disadvantages: Liable to warp and twist. USES: Chains, flooring, tools, toys, steam-bent furniture.
TEAK: Advantages: Hard, natural oils, straight brain, works well. Lovely grain pattern. Disadvantages: Very expensive. USES: High class furniture, veneers, traditional boat decks.
BALSA: Advantages: Lightweight, great for model making. Disadvantages: Very soft wood. USES: Model making, table tennis bats, used in laminates with glass reinforced plastic. |
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MANUFACTURED BOARD EXAMPLES
MDF: Advantages: Cheap, comes in large boards, can be worked with easily and can be laser cut. Disadvantages: Fibrous, can split easily, soaks up paint and finishes. USES: Table tops with veneers on them, wardrobe backs.
PLYWOOD: Advantages: Made in layers so this makes it strong. Very stable so the board will not wrap or twist. Disadvantages: Heavy and can be expensive depending on type of wood layers. USES: Flooring, indoor steam bent furniture.
CHIPBOARD: Advantages: Cheap and veneers can be easily applied. Disadvantages: Not attractive as it is made up of chips of wood glued together. USES: Kitchen worktops with a veneer on them.
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EXAMINERS TIPS
Examiners as questions about materials in two ways. They either ask you to name a material or they state a material and ask you why its suitable e.g, 'Name a suitable hardwood for a child's toy,' or 'Give a reason why beech is suitable for a child's toy.' |
