Qma Pharmacology Lesson 9

Front 1

What are medication forms?

Back 1

LIQUID FORMS
1)FLUID EXTRACTS
2)TINCTURE
3)SPIRITS
4)SPITIRS
5)SYRUP
6)ELIXERS
7)SUSPENSIONS
8)MILKS
9)EMULSIONS

Front 2

What is the Form of Fluid Extracts?

Back 2

A CONCENTRATED ALCOHOL SOLUTION OF A VEGETABLE MEDICATION.

Front 3

What is the Form of Tincture?

Back 3

AN ALCOHOL SOLUTION OF AN ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE MEDICATION OR CHEMICAL IMBALANCE.

Front 4

What is the Form of Spirits?

Back 4

AN ALCOHOL SOLUTION OR VOLATILE SUBSTANCE.

Front 5

What is the Form of Syrup?

Back 5

MEDICATION MADE WITH WATER, FLAVORING AND SUGAR.

Front 6

What is the Form of Elixirs?

Back 6

A WATER-ALCOHOL SOLUTION WHICH MAY CONTAIN SUGAR AND FLAVORING.

Front 7

What is the Form of Suspensions?

Back 7

FLUID MIXTURES THAT NEED TO BE SHAKEN WHICH ONLY STAY TOGETHER FOR A SHORT PERIOD OF TIME.

Front 8

What is the Form of Milk?

Back 8

BULKY SUSPENSION IN WATER THAT IS INSOLUBLE AND MUST BE SHAKEN.

Front 9

What is the Form of Emulsions?

Back 9

SUSPENSION OF OIL, WATER AND OTHER SUBSTANCES.

Front 10

What are the Forms of Liquids, such as Fluid Extracts, Tincture, Spirits, Syrup, Elixirs, Suspensions, Milks, and Emulsions used for?

Back 10

THESE FORMS ARE USED AS THE BASE FOR OTHER PREPARATIONS, SUCH AS COSMETICS AND DERMATOLOGICS. EXAMPLE: COD LIVER OIL

Front 11

What is Liniments?

Back 11

A SOLUTION USED AS A VEHICLE TO DISTRIBUTE MEDICATION.

Front 12

What is Liniments used for?

Back 12

FOR EXTERNAL APPLICATIONS ONLY.

Front 13

What is Topical Analgesics?

Back 13

PERTAINING TO A PARTICULAR SPOT; LOCAL.

Front 14

What is Topical Analgesics used for?

Back 14

IT CAN BE USED IN A LINIMEN.
THE HEAT EFFECT IS CAUSED BY MENTHOL. EXAMPLES: ICY HOT, BEN GAY.

Front 15

What is Analgesics?

Back 15

MEDICATION THAT RELIEVE MUSCLE, JOINTS, AND BONE PAIN.

Front 16

What are Lotions?

Back 16

WATERY PREPARATIONS THAT CONTAIN MEDICATION.

Front 17

What are lotions used for?

Back 17

TO REDUCE IRRITATION AND FRICTION EXAMPLE: CALAMINE LOTION.

Front 18

What are Sprays?

Back 18

MEDICATIONS ADMINISTERED BY AN ATOMIZER.

Front 19

What are Sprays used for?

Back 19

USED MOSTLY TO TREAT THE NOSE, THROAT, AND SKIN MEMBRANES. EXAMPLE: GRANULEX SPRAY, NEO-synephrine nasal spray.

Front 20

What are solutions?

Back 20

SUBSTANCE DISSOLVED IN WATER.

Front 21

What are solutions used for?

Back 21

SALINE SOLUTIONS.

Front 22

What are Solid Medication Forms?

Back 22

A) TABLETS, INCLUDING CAPLETS

1)COMPRESSED (EXAMPLE apirin)

2)COATED - IMPROVES TASTE (EXAMPLE Darvocet)

3)ENTERIC COATED- TO PREVENT IRRITATION OR ABSORPTION IN THE STOMACH. EXAMPLES ASA, ECOTRIN

4)TIME RELEASED, TO CAUSE SLOWER ABSORPTION AND LONGET LASTING EFFECTS. EXAMPLE DIMETANE EXTENTABS

B) CAPSULES

1)REGULAR, TASTE RESOLVES RAPIDY. EXAMPLE - DILANTIN ACHROMYCIN.

2)TIME RELEASED, TO CAUSE SLOWER ABSORPTION AND A LONGER LASTING EFFECT. ONE END OF A CAPSULE IS CLEAR, ONE END IS COLORED. (EXAMPLE DURACAPS)

Front 23

What are the Semi-Solid Medications Forms?

Back 23

A)POWDERS - ORAL AND TOPICAL
1)ORAL NEARLY ALWAYS MIXED WITH WATER OR FLUID WHEN TAKEN ORALLY (EXAMPLES DURACAPS)
2)TOPICAL (EXAMPLE TINACTIN

B)OINTMENTS
1)MUST BE SOFT ENOUGH TO SPREAD AT ROOM TEMPERATURE AND MELT AT BODY TEMPERATURE.
2)WHEN USED FOR THE EYE MUST BE MARKED "OPHTHALMIC" EXAMPLE ZINC OXIDE OINTMENT, VASELINE)

C)CREAMS SUCH AS COLD CREAM, ZINC OXIDE CREAM

D)SUPPOSITORIES
1)MOLDED INTO A SHAPE THAT IS EASY TO BE INSERTED
2)MELT AT BODY TEMPERATURE (EXAMPLES - DULCOLAX SUPPOSITORY, acetaminophen suppository)

E) TRANSDERMAL patch
1)APPLIED TO THE SKIN
2)THE MEDICATION ABSORBS SLOWLY INTO THE BLOODSTREAM (EXAMPLES) TRANSDERM-NITRO, DURAGESIC).

Front 24

What is the Gas Medication Form?

Back 24

INHALED INTO THE LINGS, THEN ABSORBED INTO THE BLOODSTREAM. (EXAMPLES - OXYGEN, anesthetics)

Front 25

What are the Methods of Administration?

Back 25

1)ORAL - BY MOUTH

2)TOPICAL - PARTICULAT LOCATION OF BODY

3)PARENTERAL - BY INJECTION

4)INSTILLATION - ADMINISTERING A LIQUID
DROP BY DROP

5)INSERTION - PLACED INTO A SPECIFIC AREA OF THE BODY.

6)INHALATION - DRAW IN BY BREATHING

7)TRANSDERMAL - ABSORBS THROUGH THE SKIN

ENTERNAL - TUBE FEEDINGS

Front 26

What are the Rationale for Administration of Medications?

Back 26

1)CURE ILLNESS/TREAT DISEASE

2)RELIEVE SYMPTOMS OF ILLNESS(PALLIATIVE CARE)

3)AID IN THE DIAGNOSIS OF ILLNESS

4)REPLACE BODY FLUIDS

5)PREVENT ILLNESS

6)MAINTAIN QUALITY OF LIFE

PALLIATIVE CARE IS VERY IMPORTANT FOR THE LONG TERM CARE RESIDENTS. PALLIATIVE CARE SERVES TO RELIEVE OR ALLIEVIATE SYMPTOMS WITHOUT PROVIDING A CURE...

Front 27

How many types of Medications are there?

Back 27

3 TYPES OF MEDICATION

Front 28

What are the types of Medications?

Back 28

1)SCHEDULED (CONTROLLED) MEDICATIONS, MEDICATION THAT MAY BE ADDICTIVE AND WHICH MUST BE COUNTED AND SECURED

2)LEGEND MEDICATIONS, MEDICATIONS THAT CAN ONLY BE OBTAINED WITH A PRESCRIPTION FILLED BY A LICENSED PHARMACIST.

3)NON-LEGEND MEDICATIONS, "OVER THE COUNTER" MEDICATION.

Front 29

What are the Six Rights of Medication Administration?

Back 29

1)RIGHT MEDICATION
2)RIGHT DOSE
3)RIGHT RESIDENT
4)RIGHT ROUTE OR METHOD
5)RIGHT TIME
6)RIGHT DOCUMENTATION

Front 30

Who are the Persons Involved in Residents Medication Therapy?

Back 30

1)PHYSICIAN/NURSE PRACTITIONER
2)PHARMACIST
3)RN & LPN
4)QMA
5)RESIDENT OR RESIDENT'S REPRESENTATIVE.

Front 31

What is the Physician/Nurse Practitioner duty's?

Back 31

1)DIAGNOSES ILLNESS
2)ORDERS MEDICATION TO BE ADMINISTERED

A)TYPE OF MEDICATION
B)AMOUNT OF MEDICATION
C)FORM OF MEDICATION
D)TIME AND FREQUENCY OF ADMINISTRATION.

Front 32

What is the Pharmacist duty?

Back 32

1)FILLS PRESCRIPTIONS
2)MONITORS FOR MEDICATION INTERACTIONS.

Front 33

What is the RN & LPN duty?

Back 33

1)RECEIVES ORDERS FROM PHYSICIAN
2)TRANSCRIBES ORDERS ON MAR
3)PREPARES MEDICATION FOR ADMINISTRATION, ADMINISTERS, DOCUMENTS, AND OBSERVES RESIDENT RESPONSE.

Front 34

WHat is the QMA duty?

Back 34

1)PREPARES MEDICATIONS FOR ADMINISTRATION
2)ADMINISTERS MEDICATION AND DOCUMENTS ADMINISTRATION
3)OBSERVES, DOCUMENTS, AND REPORTS TO THE LICENSED NURSE REACTIONS TO MEDICATION

Front 35

What is the Resident's or Resident's Representatives's duty?

Back 35

1)TO BE INFORMED OF TREATMENT REGIMEN AND CHANGES MADE THEREWITH.

Front 36

How must a Resident be Treated as a Individual?

Back 36

1)BE KNOWLEDGEABLE OF EACH RESIDENT AND HIS/HER MEDICATION AND TREATMENT ORDERS

2)BE ABLE TO IDENTIFY EACH RESIDENT IN ANY SETTING IN THE FACILITY.

3)LEARN EACH RESIDENT'S NORMAL BEHAVIOR AND BE ABLE TO RECOGNIZE CHANGES IN THE RESIDENT THAT MAY BE A RESULT OF MEDICATION.

Front 37

What are Problems in Medication Administration for the resident or resident's family members?

Back 37

1)MEDICATION AVAILABLITY
2)MEDICATION AFFORDABILITY
3)SELF-MEDICATING ALTHOUGH DEEMED UNSAFE TO DO SO
4)ATTITUDES TOWARD MEDICATION
5)ADVERSE REACTIONS TO MEDICATION
6)RESIDENT'S RIGHT TO REFUSE MEDICATIONS.

Front 38

What Resources are for Medication Information?

Back 38

1)PHYSICIAN'S DESK REFERENCE (PDR)
2)NURSE DRUG REFERENCE

RESOURCES ARE UPDATED YEARLY.