Pulmonary Nurs 215

Front 1

What is the primary function of the lungs?

Back 1

exchange cases between the environmental air and blood

Front 2

What are the 3 steps of gas exchange in the lungs?

Back 2

ventilation, diffusion, perfussion

Front 3

Respiration

Back 3

process of exchanging O2 and CO2

Front 4

Ventilation

Back 4

mechanical movement of air between the atmosphere and lungs (aka respiratory rate)

Front 5

Perfussion

Back 5

blood flow

Front 6

Diffusion

Back 6

transfer of gases

Front 7

Surfactant

Back 7

lipoprotein made by alveolar cells to lubricate and decrease surface tension

Front 8

Elastic Recoil

Back 8

tendency of the lungs to return to restate state after inspiration

Front 9

Compliance

Back 9

measure of lung and chest wall distensibility, opposite of elasticity

Front 10

V/Q ratio

Back 10

relationship between ventilation and perfussion

(normal is 0.8)

Front 11

Dyspnea

Back 11

breathing discomfort, chronic or acute

(air hunger, breathlessness SOB, preoccupation with breathing)

Front 12

DOE

Back 12

dyspnea on exertion

Front 13

Orthopnea

Back 13

dyspnea when lying flat

Front 14

Paroxysmal Nocturnal Dyspnea (PND)

Back 14

nighttime gasping for air

Front 15

Hemoptysis

Back 15

coughing up blood

Front 16

Hematemesis

Back 16

vomiting blood

Front 17

Cyanosis

Back 17

bluish discoloration of the skin and mucous membranes caused by reduced Hgb or inadequate oxygenation of the blood

Front 18

Clubbing

Back 18

bulbous enlargement of the end of a digit, usually associated with chronic disease

Front 19

Hypercapnia

Back 19

increase CO2 concentration in the blood, due to hypoventilation

Front 20

Hypoxemia

Back 20

reduced oxygenation of arterial blood

Front 21

Hypoxia

Back 21

reduced oxygenation of cells in tissues

Front 22

Kussmaul Respirations

Back 22

slightly increased ventilatory rate

(no expiratory pause)

Front 23

Cheyne-Strokes Respirations

Back 23

alternating periods of deep and shallow breathing, apnea lasting from 15-60 seconds

Front 24

Which artery perfuses lung tissue?

Back 24

bronchial artery

Front 25

Where in the lungs does gas exchange occur?

Back 25

alveoli

Front 26

When compliance is decreased, does it require more or less energy to inflate the lungs?

Back 26

more

Front 27

What are the 3 centers in the brain that regulate respiration?

Back 27

medulla, pons, chemoreceptors

Front 28

What is the Medullas role in controlling respirations?

Back 28

1. control center that determines breathing pattern

2. data received from sensory nerves, gas exchange reciprocal values, and chemoreceptors

3. vagus and phrenic nerves (determines RR and controls how we will respond)