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36 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back

Most common leukocyte in the blood. Granules unstained. Secrete fever inducing agent called pyrogen to help the body fight infection

Neutrophils

Granules of cytoplasm and stainable (red)

Eosinophils

Rarest wbc in blood, blue granules contain histamine. Plays a role in immediate hypersensitivity

Basophils

Largest wbc, horshoe shape nucleus

Monocyte

Developed from monocytes can grow 2-3 times its size, use for removal and engulfment of foreign particles and useless body cells or materials

Macrophage

Cornerstone of the immune system:antibodies production and cell mediated immunity

Lymphocytes

Set of plasma proteins whose level increases during infection to enhance host defense mechanisms

Acute phase proteins

Small secreted proteins produced by cells, communication between different defense systems

Cytokines

Substances that stimulate fever

Pyrogens

Anti viral proteins produced by virus infected cells, alert system to prevent virys from infecting other cells

Interferons

Four cardinal signs of inflammation

Rubor(redness)


Calor(heat)


Tumor(swelling)


Dolor(pain)

Ingestion of microorganisms or other matter hy cells

Phagocytosis

Steps in phagocytosis

Chemotaxis, Attachment, Ingestion, Digestion

Process which phagocytes are attracted to microorganisms

Chemotaxis

Phagocyte adhere to microbial cell(e.g coating the microbe with plasma proteins

Attachment

Pseudopods od phagocytes engulf the microorganism and enclose it in a phagosome to complete digestion

Ingestion

Lysosomes fuse with phagosome to form a digestion vacuole

Digestion

Immunity which always involves the production of antibodies

Humoral immunity

Immunity which involves many cell types

Cell-mediated immunity

Nag pa vaccine, what type of immunity

Artificial active acquired immunity

Nag masakit then you got better and way na ga masakit what type of immunity

Natural active acquired immunity

Antibodies produced from another person transferred to you like breastmilk

Passive naturally acquired immunity

Antibodies from an immune person transferred to a susceptible person like anti rabies

Passive artificial acquired immunity

Foreign substance ga stimulate production of antibodies

Antigens

Type 1 hypersensitivity

Anaphylactic shock (asthma, hay fever, lupot from food allergy)

Type 2 hypersensitivity

Cytotoxic reaction-meaning cells are destroyed

Type 3 hypersensitivity

Immune complex reactions

Number of cases of a disease existing in a given population during a specific time period

Period prevalence

Is the number of cases of a disease existing in a given population at a particular moment in time

Point prevalence

Ratio of the number of people who died of a particular disease during a specified period per specified population

Mortality rate

Kind of disease that occyrs only ocassionaly within the population of a particular geographic area

Sporadic

Kind of disease which is always present within the population

Endemic disease

Kind of disease defined as a greater than usual number of cases of a disease in a particular region within a short period of time

Epidemic disease

Disease that is occuring in epidemic proportions in many countries

Pandemic

Inanimate objects capable of transmitting pathogens

Fomites

Number of individuals who have become ill because of a specific disease with a susceptible population

Morbidity