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18 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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Heart Tissues (from outer to inner) |
Pericardium - surrounds heart Epicardium - inner layer of pericardium Myocardium - Heart muscle Endocardium - smooth lining of inner surface and cavities of heart |
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Heart Chambers (flow of blood) |
Right Atrium --> Right Ventricle --> Left Atrium --> Left Ventricle |
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Right Atrium |
Receives de-oxygenated blood from systemic circulation |
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Right Ventricle |
Receives blood from RA and pumps blood to lungs for oxygenation |
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Left Atrium |
Receives oxygenated blood from lungs and pulmonary veins |
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Left Ventricle |
Receives blood from LA and pumps blood via the aorta throughout the systemic circulation |
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Atrioventricular Valves (Tricuspid & Bicuspid) |
Prevents backflow of blood into the atria. Tricuspid is right heart valve Bicuspid is left heart valve |
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Semilunar Valves |
Prevents backflow of blood from the aorta and pulmonary arteries into ventricles Pulmonary prevents right backflow Aortic prevents left backflow |
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Heart Conduction (flow of electral impulses) |
Sinoatrial node in RA --> Atrioventricular node in LA --> Purkinji fibers in RV --> myocardial fibers in LV |
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Arteries |
Transport oxygenated blood from the heart.
Thicker walls with smooth muscle tissue |
Red in appearance |
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Veins |
Transport de-oxygenated blood from peripheral tissues to the heart One-way valve to prevent backflow |
Blue in appearance |
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Sympathetic Stimulation |
Fight or flight: increases body's cardiovascular, respiratory, and neurologic system functions |
Beta-blockers are drugs used to decrease sympathetic activity |
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Hyperkalemia |
Increased potassium
Effects on heart: Tachycardia (>100 bpm) Potential cardiac arrest |
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Hypokalemia |
Decreased potassium Effects on heart: Hypotension Arrhythmias may progress to ventricular fibrillation (V-Fib) |
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Hypercalcemia |
Increased calcium Effects on heart: Hypertension Signs of heart block Cardiac arrest |
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Hypocalcemia |
Decreased calcium Effects on heart: Arrhythmias Hypotension |
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Hypernatremia |
Increased sodium Effects on heart: Hypertension Tachycardia Pitting edema Excessive weight gain |
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Hyponatremia |
Decreased salt
Effects on heart: Hypotension Tachycardia Peripheral resistance |
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