Psychology Vocab Chapter 16

Front 1

Psychological Disorders

Back 1

Deviant, distressful, and dysfunctional behavior patterns.

Front 2

Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
(ADHD)

Back 2

Psychological disorder marked by the appearance of age 7 of one or more of the 3 key symptoms: extreme inattention, hyperactivity, impulsivity.

Front 3

Medical Model

Back 3

The concept that diseases have physical causes that can be diagnosed, treated, and in most cases, cured.

Front 4

Biopsychosocial Approach

Back 4

Psychologists contend that all behavior arises from the interaction of nature and nurture.

Front 5

DSM-IV

Back 5

Widely used system for classifying psychological disorders.

Front 6

Anxiety Disorders

Back 6

Psychological disorders characterized by distressing, persistent anxiety or maladaptive behaviors that reduce anxiety.

Front 7

Generalized Anxiety Disorder

Back 7

An anxiety disorder in which a person is continually tense, apprehensive, and in a state of autonomic nervous system arousal.

Front 8

Panic Disorder

Back 8

An anxiety disorder marked by unpredicatable minutes-long episodes of intense dread in which a person experiences terror and accompanying chest pain, choking or other frightening sensations.

Front 9

Phobias

Back 9

An anxiety disorder marked by a persistent, irrational fear and avoidance of a specific object or situation.

Front 10

Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD)

Back 10

An anxiety disorder characterized by unwanted repetitive thoughts and/or actions.

Front 11

Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder
(PTSD)

Back 11

An anxiety disorder marked by haunting memories, nightmares, social withdrawl,jumpy anxiety, and/or insomnia that lingers for four weeks or more after a traumatic experience.

Front 12

Observational Learning

Back 12

We as humans may learn fear through observational learning-observing other's fears.

Front 13

Mood Disorders

Back 13

Psychological disorders characterized by emotional extremes.

Front 14

Major Depressive Disorder

Back 14

A mood disorder in which a person experiences, in the absence of drugs or medical condition, two or more weeks of significantly depressed moods, feelings of worthlessness, and diminished interest or pleasure in most activities.

Front 15

Mania

Back 15

A mood disorder marked by a hyperactive, wildly optimistic state.

Front 16

Bipolar Disorder

Back 16

A mood disorder in which teh person alternates between the hoplessness and lethargy of depression and the overexcited state of mania.

Front 17

Hippocampus

Back 17

Memory processing center linked with the brain's emotional circuitry; vulnerable to stress-related damage.

Front 18

Norepinephrine

Back 18

A neurotransmitter that increases arousal and boosts mood, is scarce during depression and overabundant during mania.

Front 19

Association Studies

Back 19

Studies that search for correlations between more specific DNA variation and a population trait.

Front 20

Serotonin

Back 20

Neurotransmitter scarce during depression.

Front 21

Learned Helplessness

Back 21

Linked to depression, the phenomena in which animals and humans who are repeatedly exposed to hurtful or stressful situations beyond their control will sink into lethargy or anxiety.

Front 22

Schizophrenia

Back 22

A group of severe disorders marked by disorganized and delusional thinking, disturbed perceptions, and inappropriate emotions and actions.

Front 23

Delusions

Back 23

False beliefs, often of persecution or grandeur, that may accompany psychotic disorders.

Front 24

Hallucinations

Back 24

Sensory experiences without sensory stimulation. Often auditory and take the form of voices.

Front 25

Catatonia

Back 25

Immobility, extreme negativism and/or parrotlike repeating of another's speech of movement.

Front 26

Negative Symptoms

Back 26

The absence of appropriate behaviors.

Front 27

Positive Symptoms

Back 27

The presence of inappropriate behaviors.

Front 28

Dopamine

Back 28

Believed that too much of this neurotransmitter is responsible for schizophrenia.

Front 29

Personality Disorders

Back 29

Psychological disorders marked by inflexible and enduring behavior patterns that impair social functioning.

Front 30

Antisocial Personality Disorder

Back 30

A personality disorder in which the person exhibits a lack of conscience for wrongdoing, even toward friends and family members. May be aggressive, ruthless or a clever con artist.