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82 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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what are psychological disorders |
behaviour patterbs or mental processes that causr personal suffering or interfere with the ability to cope with everyday life. |
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how many American adults suffer from a diagnosable mental disorder in a given year? |
26.2% 6% suffer from a serious psychological disorder |
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what are the 4 symptoms for identifying psychological disorders |
typically maladaptivity emotional discomfort socially unacceptable behavior |
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what is typicality |
-how normal a behavior is -a person if they r not acting like themselves |
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what is maladaptivity |
a behavior that impairs the person's ability to function everyday ex something that should bring happiness brings stress instead |
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what is emotional discomfort |
certain psychological disorders cause major emotional discomfort ex anxitiy or depression |
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what is socially unacceptable behavior |
-someone doing behaviors that violates a society's accepted norms -can very between cultures |
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what do psychologists use to classify disorders |
DSM (Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of mental disorders) |
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who published the DSM and what is the most recent one |
-american psychiatric association -DSM-IV-TRtm in 2000 |
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what is the DSM |
list of 16 basic categories of psychological disorder |
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when we're psychological disorder classified on the DSM |
on the third edition of the DSM in 1980 |
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how many disorders are now included on the DSM |
almost 400 |
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what is anxiety |
a term applied to an uncomfortable feeling that happens from coming in contact with a situation or thing that they r afraid of |
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what are the types of anxiety disorders |
phobic disorder panic disorder and agoraphobia generalized anxiety disorder obsessive compulsive disorder stress disorders |
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what is phobic disorder |
-the fear or phobia or something -will experience extreme anxiety when they are put in a situation with something they fear ex zoophobia ( the fear of animals) |
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what is panic disorder and agoraphobia |
recurring panic attacks (short periods of fear) that may last for a short time or several hours |
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what is obsessive compulsive disorder |
unwanted thoughts, ideas or mental images that happen repeatedly compulsions, repeated behaviours |
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what is generalized anxiety disorder |
an excessive worry about life circumstances that lasts for at least 6 months |
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what are 2 stress disorders |
PTSD- flashbacks, nightmares, tension after a traumatic event that can happen after six months or more after and can last year's acute stress- short term disorder that is like PTSD but happens right after an event |
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what are the different explanations for anxiety disorders |
psychological views biological views mixed views |
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what are the there theories in psychological views |
psychoanalytic theory- anxiety results from negative thoughts that are being suppressed by someone who is trying to forget a bad experience learning theory- phobias are conditioned or learned in childhood cognitive theory- people make themselves feel anxious by thinking that they are anxious |
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what is biological views |
heredity plays a role in anxiety disorders 15 % fraternal twins 45% identical twins |
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what are mixed views |
that anxiety disorders are caused by both biology and psychological factors |
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what are mood disorder and what are the 2 categories |
abnormal moods like feeling said when u should be happy - depression: feeling of helplessness, hopelessness or great sadness - bipolar disorder: a cycle of mood changes from depression to wild elation and back again |
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what is the most common mood disorder |
depression in any 6 month period 8% of women and 4% of men are diagnosed with depression |
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what are the 9 symptoms of major depression |
1)persistent depressed mood 2) lose of interest or pleaser in activities 3)major weight loss or gain from changes in appetite 4)sleeping more or less then usual 5)speeding up or down of physical and emotional reactions 6)fatigue or loss of energy 7)feeling worthless or unfounded guilt 8)reduced ability to concentrate or make decisions 9)recurrent thoughts of death or suicide |
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how to diagnose major depression |
a person much have 5 of those symptoms and at least 1 must be the first or second on the list. symptoms also have to be there for at least 2 weeks and happen almost everyday (15% of people with servere depression commit suicide) |
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what is bipolar |
also called manic depression it's dramatic ups and downs in mood |
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what is a manic phase |
characterized by a mood that is persistently and abornmally elevated or being irritable instead of elated |
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what traits are r used to characters manic moods |
-inflated self esteem -can't sit still or sleep restfully -pressure to keep talking and switching topics -racing thoughts -difficulty concentrating (mag act silly or excited) (delusions and hallucinogens and impulsive behaviors in bad cases) |
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what is postpartum depression |
happens in women after birth and can have feeling if hopelessness and inadequacy in childcare skills can cause bad effects on women health and prevent parent infant bonding |
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what psychological views on depression |
psychoanalytic- depression connects past events to the present like the loss of an object or person in childhood learning- learned helplessness makes people prone to depression (past events they couldn't control so they can't control future ones) cognitive- people are prone to depression because their habitual style for explaining life events |
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what are biological views on depression |
happens more in people with close relatives of affected people then in the general population. |
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what are mixed views on depression |
mix of both psychological factors and biological factors like learned helplessness |
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what do people with depression blame for their failures |
internal, stable, and global causes |
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how did Seligman prove learned helplessness |
placed a barrier in the dogs care to stop them from leaving by shocks then removed the barrier but the dogs made no effort to leave they learned there was nothing they could do to prevent the pain |
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what are dissociative disorders |
they cause people to loose there memory or identity |
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what is dissociation and what can it mean if we use it to advode stress |
-separating certain personality or mental processes from conscious thought (daydreaming and don't hear your name being called) -means they have a psychological disorder since they removing themselves from the stress to have less anxiety |
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what is dissociative amnesia |
lost of memory after a traumatic event including memory of and around the event can last a few hours to years |
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what is dissociative figure |
forgetting personal info and past events but also talking a new identity where they might complelty move and start over when it ends peiple can't remember their life while in their figure state |
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what is dissociative identity disorder (multiple personality disorder) |
-the existence of 2 or more personalities in one person with at least 2 dominating over the rest - r unaware of these different personalities and they can very in age and much more -abuse as a child can cause |
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what is personalization disorder |
they feel like they are outside of their body (watching from far away) |
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what are the basic features of dissociative disorders |
the separation of personality components or mental processes from conscious thought |
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what are the psychoanalysis views on dissociative disorders |
people dissociate to suppress uncomfortable urges |
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what are learning views on dissociative disorders |
people have learned not to think about bad events to avoid shame, pain or guilt they want to forget |
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cogitive/ biological views on dissociative disorders |
neither can explain dissociative disorders no convincing evidence that play a role in dissociative disorders that currently exists |
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what are somatoform disorders |
psychological problems that are displayed through physical symptoms doctors might focus on the physical problems before the psychological problems |
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what is it difficult to tell who is faking a psychological disorder |
people may fake an illness to get out of things like work. people with somatoform disorders have the problem of being said they r faking because their pain can't be linked to a medical problem |
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what is conversion disorder |
-a major loss or change in a person physical functioning without explanation -show very little concern about this which cam help with the diagnosis of somatoform disorders |
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what are hypochondriasis |
a person's unrealistic obsession with having a disease minor symptoms but they think they r going to die |
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what are psychoanalytic views on somatoform disorders |
that uges are converted into phsychical symptoms |
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what are behaviorist views on somatoform disorders |
that physical symptoms are a learned reaction to stress |
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what are personality disorders |
patterns of inflexible traits that disrupt social life or work and distress the affected individual |
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what do personality disorder affect |
thoughts emotions behavior |
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what is the difference between psychological disorder and personality disorders |
personality disorder are always enduring meaning they are constant while psychology disorders come in episodes |
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what are the 10 personality disorders |
-paranoid -schizoid -schizotypal -antisocial -borderline -histrionic -narcussistic -avoidant -dependent -obsessive compulsive |
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1) |
paranoid- suspicious and distant from others, argumentative |
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2) |
schizoid- no interest in personal relationships |
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3) |
schyotypal- fear of not fitting in with others so avoid relatuonships out of fear |
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4) |
anti-social - no regard for the rights of others, feel no remorse |
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5) |
borderline- instability mood or self image |
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6) |
histrionic- attention seeker, fear of failure , can't take responsibility and early influenced |
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7) |
narcissistic- has no empathy for others and inflated sense of self greatness |
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8) |
avoidant- held back by fear of what others think of them because of their actions |
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9) |
dependent- fears of being left to their independence, no confidence in making decisions, fear of being alone |
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10) |
obsessive compulsive- obsession with rules, order and procedures like time and money |
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psychoanalysis views on personality disorders |
lack of guilt is due to a problem in the development of the conscience |
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what are learning views on personality disorders |
children need to be taught to relate to others |
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what are biological views on personality disorders |
genetic factors are apparently involved in the disorders |
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what is schizophrenia |
the loss of contact with reality develops over time but can also happen suddenly |
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what are the symptoms of schizophrenia |
hallucinations (auditory), delusions, thought disorders , skip from topics to topics in an illogical way, repeat words, social withdrawal, loss of normal emotion responses |
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what are delusions of grandeur |
they believe that they are a famous celeb or historical figure |
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what are persecution delusions |
that they are being pursued by spies |
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people with schizophrenia may go onto a catatonic stupor which is what |
a comalike state |
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what is are paranoid schizophrenia |
have delusions of auditory hallucinations all relating to a certain theme have delusions of grandeur, persecution, jealousy |
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what is disorganized schizophrenia |
incoherent in their though and speech and disorganized in their behavior unconnected hallucinogens and delusions show inappropriate emotions |
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what are catatonic schizophrenia |
is disturbance of movement hole uncofotable body potions even after their body parts fall asleep |
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psychoanalysis views on schizophrenia |
ego is overwhelmingly threatened by the Id and causes intense conflict |
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what are other psychological views on schizophrenia |
family environment is at the root of it |
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what are biological views on schizophrenia |
is a brain disroder where there is an abnormal prenatal brain development |
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what are multifactorial views on schizophrenia |
biological and psychological factors combined |
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what are the three biological risks to schizophrenia |
heredity complications during pregnancy and birth birth during winter |
