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31 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Firstpsychology experiment was done by |
WilhelmWundt |
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Structuralism |
Focused on introspection and training people to reportelements of their experiences. Promoted by Edward Bradford Titchener. |
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Functionalism |
Earlyschool of thought by promoted by William James and influenced by Darwin;explored how mental and behavioral processes function- how they enable theorganism to adapt, survive and flourish. |
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Firstwomen in psychology were (name two) |
Mary Whiton Calkins and Margaret Floy Washburn. |
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behaviorism |
Focusedon inner sensations, images and feelings. |
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Freudian psychology |
emphasized the way our unconscious thought processes and our emotional responses to childhood experiences affect our behavior. |
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Humanist psychology |
Drew attention to ways that the current environmentalinfluences can nurture or limit our growth potential, and to the importance ofhaving our needs for love and acceptance satisfied. |
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Cognitive Revolution |
Scientificallyexplores the ways we perceive, process, and remember information. The cognitiveapproach has given new ways to understand ourselves and to treat disorders suchas depression. |
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Modern Definition ofPsychology |
The science of behavior and mental processes. |
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What is behavior? |
Behavioris what an organism does |
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What are mental processes? |
mental process are the internal, subjective experiences weinfer from behavior. |
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nature nurture issue |
the longstanding controversy over the relative contributions that genes and experience make the development of psychological traits and behaviors. Today’s science sees traits and behaviors arising from the interaction of nature an nurture. |
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natural selection |
the principle that, among the range of inherited trait variations, those contributing to reproduction and survival will most likely be passed on to succeeding generations. |
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Evolutionarypsychology |
focuses on how humans are alike because of their common biology and evolutionary history. |
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behavior genetics |
focuses on differences because of differing genes and environments. |
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culture |
the enduring behaviors, ideas, attitudes, values and traditions shared by a group of people and transmitted from one generation to the next. |
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levels of analysis |
the differing complimentary views, from biological to psychological to social-cultural, for analyzing any given phenomenon. |
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biopsychosocialapproach |
an integrated approach that incorporates biological, psychological and social-cultural levels of analysis. |
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Neuroscience |
How the body and brain enableemotions, memories and sensory experiences |
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How the natural selection of traits has promoted the survival of genes |
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Behaviorgenetics |
how our genes and our environment influence ourindividual differences |
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Psychodynamic |
How behavior springs from unconscious drives andconflicts |
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Behavioral |
How we learn observable responses |
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Cognitive |
Howwe encode, process, store and retrieve information |
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Social-cultural |
How behavior and thinking vary across situationsand cultures |
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appliedresearch |
scientific study that aims to solve practical problems |
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counseling psychology |
a branch of psychology that studies,assesses and treats people with psychological disorders |
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psychiatry |
a branch of medicine dealing with psychological disorders; practiced by physicians who sometimes provide medical treatments as well as psychological therapy. |
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community psychology |
a branch of psychology that studies how people interact with their social environments and how social institutions affect individuals and groups. |
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testing effect |
Repeated self-testing builds memorization more than reading. |
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SQ3R |
A study method incorporating five steps: survey, question, read, retrieve, review |
