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31 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What are the three grand issues about behavior addressed by psychology?
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Stability vs. Change
Nature vs. Nurture Rationality vs. Irrationality |
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What are the six major perspectives adopted by psychologists?
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Behavioral
Cognitive Biological Evolutionary Developmental Psychodynamic Multicultural |
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What values are central to the scientific method?
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Accuracy
Objectivity Skepticism Open Minded |
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Cells specialized for communicating information, the basic building blocks of the nervous system.
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Neurons
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Basic parts of a neuron
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Cell body
Axon Dendrites |
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Chemicals, released by neurons, that carry information across the synapse.
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Neurotransmitters
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The portion of the autonomic nervous system that readies the body for expenditure of energy.
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Sympathetic nervous system
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A portion of the autonomic nervous system that readies the body for restoration of energy.
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Parasympathetic nervous system
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A system for communication within our bodies; it consists of several glands that secrete hormones directly into the bloodstream.
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Endocrine system
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Processing of information involving relatively high levels of conscious awareness.
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Controlled processing
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Process of information without minimal conscious awareness.
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Automatic processing
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Stages of sleep
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Awake (beta/alpha)
Theta Waves (5-10 minutes) Sleep Spindles (20 minutes) Delta Waves Begin Delta Activity Increases |
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Four functions of sleep
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Help learn our bodies and acquire movement control.
Store new information and memories. Replenish body and mind. Recuperate from stress and learning activities. |
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Any relatively permanent change in behavior resulting from experience.
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Learning
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A basic form of learning in which one stimulus comes to serve as a signal for the occurrence of a second stimulus. Organisms acquire information about the relations between various stimuli, not simple associations between them.
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Classical conditioning
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Process through which organisms learn to repeat behaviors that yield positive outcomes or that permit them to avoid or escape from negative outcomes.
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Operant conditioning
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A memory system in which information we are processing at the moment is held.
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Working memory
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A memory system that stores general, abstract knowledge about the world--information we cannot remember acquiring at a specific time and place.
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Semantic memory
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Memory for factual information that we acquired at a specific time.
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Episodic memory
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A memory system that retains information we cannot readily express verbally.
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Procedural memory
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8 ego defense mechanisims
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Repression
Rationalization Projection Displacement Sublimation Regression React formation Denial |
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ideas, feelings, and memories that are too anxiety producing are involuntarily blocked from consciousness.
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repression
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individual substitutes self-justifying excuses or explanations for the real reasons for behavior
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rationalization
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attributing our own unacceptable impulses to someone else.
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projection
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divert impulses to less threatening person or thing
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displacement
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impulse driven behaviors are channeled toward socially acceptable and valuable behaviors.
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sublimation
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retreat to earlier stage to cope with anxiety
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regression
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Block unacceptable impulses and then replace them with the opposite.
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reaction formation
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refuse to accept what is the true nature of a threat
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denial
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Five General Scales of Emotional Intelligence as assessed by the Emotional Quotient Inventory.
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Intrapersonal
Interpersonal Stress Management Adaptability General Mood |
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8 kinds of multiple intelligence
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Musical
Bodily kinesthetic Logical mathematical Linguistic Spatial Interpersonal Intrapersonal Naturalist |
