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36 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Plato |
Nativism: certain kinds of knowledge are inborn or innate |
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Aristotle |
Philosophical Empiricism: knowledge is acquired through experience |
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Descartes |
Dualism: mind and body are separate entities that interact |
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Wundt |
Experiments should be used to study mental processes. Structuralism, functionalism |
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Freud |
psychoanalysis, dreams |
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Pavlov |
Discovered Conditioned Reflexes |
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Watson |
Human behavior |
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Skinner |
furthered experiments on behavior, learning, and conditioning |
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Independent Variable |
Variable that can be manipulated |
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Dependent Variable |
depends on independent variable |
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Cell Body |
nucleus with chromosomes |
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dendrites |
receive information from other neurons |
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Axon |
Transmits information to other neurons, muscles, and glands |
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Myelin Sheath |
Insulates, Allows for smooth signal transmission |
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Synapse |
Junction between one neuron's axon and another's dendrites/soma
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The neural impulse |
is an action potential and it is generated through neurotransmitters |
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action potential |
Dendrites and cell body gather electrical charge, then send it down the axon to the synapse, which stimulates the release of neurotransmitters into the synapse. Neurons generate electricity from chemical events. |
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What happens to neurotransmitters in the synapse? |
Reuptake - absorbed back into the sending neuron
Disassembly - broken down by enzymes
Passively drift out of gap |
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Acetylcholine (Ach) |
enables muscles action, learning and memory |
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Dopamine |
Influences movement, learning, attention and emotion |
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Serotonin |
Affects mood, hunger, sleep arousal |
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Norepinephrine |
Helps control alertness and arousal |
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Endorphins |
Boosts mood, lessens pain |
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Central Nervous System |
Brain and Spinal Cord |
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Pituitary Gland |
Master Hormone gland |
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3 Structures in Brainstem |
Pons
Medulla
Reticular Formation |
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Cerebellum |
Enables non-verbal learning, coordinates voluntary movements |
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Thalamus |
Sensory Switchboard |
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Corpus Callosum |
connects two hemispheres of brain, transmits information between them |
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Occipital Lobe |
Visual Information |
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Parietal Lobe |
Touch/Sensory |
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Temporal Lobe |
Hearing, Language |
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Frontal Lobe |
Planning, judgement, memory, reasoning, abstract thinking, movement. |
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Limbic System |
hypothalamus
hippocampus
amygdala |
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Plasticity |
Ability to change, or to compensate |
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Neurogenesis |
Formation of "baby" neurons deep in the brain that migrate out |
