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11 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Psychoanalytic therapy
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Key figure: Sigmund Freud.
Personality development theory, philosopy of human nature, & a method of psychotherapy that focuses on unconscious factors that motivate behavior. Attention given to events of first 6 years of life as determinants of later development of personality. |
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Adlerian therapy
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Key figure: Alfred Adler. Rudolf Dreikurs popularized in the U.S. Growth model, stresses assuming responsibility, creating one's own destiny, & finding meaning & goals to create a purposeful life. Key concepts are used in most other current therapies.
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Existential therapy
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Key figures: Viktor Frankl, Rollo May & Irvin Yalom. Reacting against the tendency to view therapy as a system of well-defined techniques - stresses building therapy on the basic conditions of human existence, such as choice, the feedom & responsibility to shape one's life, & self-determination. Focuses on quality of the person-to-person therapeutic relationship.
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Person-centered therapy
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Founder: Carl Rogers; Key figure: Natalie Rogers. Developed during 1940s as a nondirective reaction against psychoanalysis. Based on a subjective view of human experiencing, places faith in & gives responsibility to client in dealing with problems & concerns.
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Gestalt therapy
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Founders: Fritz & Laura Perls; Key figures: Miriam & Erving Polster. An experiential therapy stressing awareness and integration, grew as a reaction against analytic therapy. It integrates the functioning of body and mind.
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Behavior therapy
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Key figures: B.F. Skinner, Arnold Lazarus, and Albert Bandura. Applies principles of learning to the resolution of specific behavioral problems. Results are subject to continual experimentation. Methods of this approach are always in the process of refinement.
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Cognitive behavior therapy
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Key figures: Albert Ellis founded rational emotive behavior therapy, a highly didactic, cognitive, action-oriented model of therapy that stresses role of thinking & belief systems as the root of personal problems.
A.T. Beck founded cognitive therapy - gives primary role to thinking as it influences behavior. |
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Reality therapy
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Founder: William Glasser. Key figure: Robert Wubbolding. Short-term approach based on choice theory & focuses on client assuming responsibility in the present. Through therapeutic process, client able to learn more effective ways of meeting her/his needs.
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Feminist therapy
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Grew out of efforts of many women some of which are Jean Baker Miller, Carolyn Zerbe Enns, Olivia Espin, & Laura Brown. Central concept is concern for psychological oppression of women. Focuses on constraints imposed by the sociopolitical status to which women have been relegated, - explores women's identity development, self-concept, goals & aspirations, & emotional well-being.
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Postmodern approaches
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Key figures associated with development of various approaches to therapy. Steve de Shazer and Insoo Kim Berg are co-founders of solution-focused brief therapy. Michael White and David Epston are major figures associated with narrative therapy. Social constructionism, solution-focused brief therapy, and narrative therapy all assume that there is no single truth; rather, it is believed that reality is socially constructed through human interaction. These approaches maintain that the client is an expert in his or her own life.
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Family systems therapy
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Pioneers of this approach: Adler, Bowen, Satir Whitaker Minuchin, Haley, and Madanes. Based on assumption that the key to changing the individual is understanding & working with the family.
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