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45 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is thinking? |
Mental activity that involves processing, organizing, understanding, and communicating information |
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In the brain, the process of creating a mental image is_____ how we see an actual image |
Almost the opposite of |
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People in the United States often think of a sports car when asked to envision a fun, past form of travel. In this example, a sports car would be considered a |
Prototype |
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What method of problem solving guarantees a solution? |
Algorithm |
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What type of problem solving strategy would be best if you are giving directions to a coffee shop that you currently are at? |
Work backwards from the goal |
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Well taking a shower, Miguel suddenly realizes the solution to a problem at work. When later asked how he solve this problem, Miguel said, the answer just seem to pop into my head. Miguel experience is an example of |
Insight |
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Alycia leaves her office building only to find it is raining. She returns to her office and get a trash bag out of the supply cabinet. Using a pair of scissors, she cut the back so that she can put her head and arms through the bag without getting wet. And using the trash bag as in makeshift rain jacket, alicia has overcome |
Functional fixedness |
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Randall believes that aliens are currently living deep under the ocean. When looking for information about this on the internet, he ignores any sites that are skeptical of his beliefs and only visit site that support his believe. This is an example of |
Confirmation bias |
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If you ask someone to give you as many uses as possible for a piece of paper, what type of thinking is being used |
Divergent |
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Which of the following is the best way to encourage divergent, creative thinking? |
Go for a walk or engage in some other automatic activity. |
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In gardeners view, effective Counseling psychologist and managers will likely be high in ______intelligence |
Interpersonal |
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According to Sternberg, which type of intelligence has a long relationship to academic success and would be the most difficult to measure in the classroom? |
Practical |
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By what age do IQ scores start to become meaningless? |
16 |
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Live is 4 years old. The intelligence test that would most likely be used to determine her IQ is the |
WPPSI-IV |
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Professor Becker design an IQ test. To validate this test, the professor should be careful to do which of the following? |
Strive to make sure that the test measures what it is supposed to measure |
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In terms of different cultures, what should be the goal of every test designer? |
To create a test that is culturally fair |
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Kyle, age 13, has an intellectual disability complicated by multiple physical and sensory impairments that significally impact his skill of daily living and ability to communicate. He is unable to take care of himself in any area of life. Kyle would most likely be classified with_____ intellectual disability |
Profound |
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Lewis Terran's study provided evidence that individuals with high IQs |
Show little to no signs of mental illness or adjustment problems |
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What were some of the differences between the hundred most successful man and 100 least successful man in Termin study |
The successful man had a clearly defined goals and more motivation to achieve them. |
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In recent studies, what do some researchers are you is a more accurate means of gauging success in relationships and careers |
Emotional intelligence |
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Which of the following would be an example of stereotype threat? |
Joaquim, who believes IQ tests are unfair to Hispanics, something that his IQ score seems to reflect |
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The basic units of sound in a language are known as |
Phonemes |
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According to Noam Chomsky, what is a language acquisition device? |
A biological element of the brain that allows us to learn language |
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Researchers believe that up to the age of___, individuals possess the ability to understand full phonemes of all languages |
9 months |
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_______ believe that language helps to develop concept, whereas_____ believed that concepts must be developed first if language is to follow |
Vgotsky, Piaget |
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Researchers have found that it takes _____to view a mental image that is larger or covers more distance than a smaller or more compact one. |
Longer |
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Research suggests we engage mental images in their mind______ the way we engage or interact with physical objects |
Much like |
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A psychologist ask people to envision a circle. Next he asked them to draw the circle the invasion. When comparing the picture, almost all circles look identical. The fact that a circle typically fit a specific and rigid set of rules is an example of a |
Formal concept |
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Trial and error is sometimes referred to as a |
Mechanical solution |
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Jon and Karen bought a new house with an unfinished basement. To determine how they want to finish it, they lay down tape on the floor showing four walls will go and rooms will be. This process of problem solving is known as |
Working backwards from the goal |
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One day at work, Pauline's earring fell on the floor and she was unable to find the back. To keep from losing her earrings, Pauline reinserted it and used part of a pencil eraser to keep the earring in place. Using a pencil eraser as a temporary ringbacks show that Pauline overcame |
Functional fixedness |
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Which of the following questions would be more likely to produce divergent thinking? |
How many uses can you think of for a clothes hanger |
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Which type of intelligence, according to Howard Gardner, would most likely be present in farmers, landscapers, and biologist? |
Naturalist |
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According to Sternberg, book smarts is another way of talking about which kind of intelligence? |
Analytical |
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Which of the following tests came first? |
Binets mental ability test |
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Dr. Davenport gives all her classes 45 minutes to complete their psychology test regardless of if the class meets for 50 minutes, 75 minutes, or even three hours. Such a technique Insurance test |
Standardization |
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In contrast to comparing mental age to chronological age, most modern test of intelligence use |
Age group comparison norms |
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The goal of all test developers is to______ cultural bias in their intelligence test |
Minimize |
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Dr. Miller works with children who have grown up in poor socio-economic conditions. Many of their clients come from homes that do not emphasize education or social involvement, and opportunity for advancement are practically non-existent. Many are malnourished, have been exposed to a variety of environmental toxins, and have multiple infections without adequate or timely health care. What might these children be at risk for |
Intellectual disability |
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Dr. Thomas has found that William, her patient, has a defect in gene on the X chromosome of his 23rd pair, which has resulted in a deficiency of a protein needed for Williams brain development. William most likely suffers from |
Fragile X syndrome |
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In Termin study of gifted children, mental health issues and relationship problems only occurred in those with IQs of |
180 or higher |
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What may be the best predictor of why some people do not excel in school but eventually succeed in their life and career choices? |
Emotional intelligence |
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What does the Flynn effect theorize? |
Intelligence score are steadily increasing in modernized countries |
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Edward Sapir and Benjamin Whorf theorized that _____, a concept reflected in their linguistic relativity hypothesis. |
Language shapes thoughts |
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Cognitive universalism tends to______the linguistic relativity hypothesis |
Contradict |
